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Development of calibration instrument for precise stratospheric and tropospheric ozone measurement

平流层和对流层臭氧精密测量校准仪的研制

基本信息

批准号：
11680526
负责人：
KITA Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680526/
关键词：
ozone stratospheric chemistry tropospheric chemistry instrumentation 航空機観測

项目摘要

To investigate the ozone decrease in the lower stratosphere and ozone increase in the upper troposphere, the precision of the measurement should be improved significantly. It is crucial to calibrate instruments for ozone measurement under the low-pressure condition similar to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere. For this purpose, we have developed an instrument for calibration of ozone monitor under low-pressure condition. At first, we used a commercial standard ozone generator as the ozone source and made a Teflon chamber with backward pressure controller to reduce the pressure of ozone from the ozone generator. However, the adjustment of the pressure of the chamber was difficult and critical although the pressure reduction was successful. Thus we have improved this system : 1) pressure-stabilize the inlet and exhaust ports of the ozone generator, 2) flow monitor from ozone generator, 3) some capillaries (instead of needle valve) are used to make pressure drop between ozone generator and the Teflon chamber, and so on. After these improvements, the developed calibration system worked stably. By comparing a precise ozone monitor, this ozone calibration system can calibrate a ozone measurement instrument with an accuracy of 3%. However, for using this system easily in the observation field, the operation should be automated.

为了研究平流层低层臭氧的减少和对流层高层臭氧的增加，需要显著提高测量精度。在类似于对流层上部/平流层下部的低压条件下，校准臭氧测量仪器至关重要。为此，我们研制了一种在低压条件下对臭氧监测仪进行校准的仪器。首先，我们使用一个商业标准的臭氧发生器作为臭氧源，并制作了一个聚四氟乙烯室与后向压力控制器，以减少臭氧发生器的臭氧压力。然而，尽管减压是成功的，但腔室压力的调节是困难和关键的。为此，我们对该系统进行了改进：1）对臭氧发生器的进、排气口进行稳压，2）对臭氧发生器进行流量监测，3）在臭氧发生器和聚四氟乙烯室之间用毛细管代替针阀进行压降调节等，使系统工作稳定。通过与精密臭氧监测仪的比对，该臭氧校准系统可以校准精度为3%的臭氧测量仪器。然而，为了便于在观测现场使用该系统，操作应自动化。