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Development of calibration instrument for precise stratospheric and tropospheric ozone measurement

平流层和对流层臭氧精密测量校准仪的研制

基本信息

批准号：
11680526
负责人：
KITA Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680526/
关键词：
ozone stratospheric chemistry tropospheric chemistry instrumentation 航空機観測

项目摘要

To investigate the ozone decrease in the lower stratosphere and ozone increase in the upper troposphere, the precision of the measurement should be improved significantly. It is crucial to calibrate instruments for ozone measurement under the low-pressure condition similar to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere. For this purpose, we have developed an instrument for calibration of ozone monitor under low-pressure condition. At first, we used a commercial standard ozone generator as the ozone source and made a Teflon chamber with backward pressure controller to reduce the pressure of ozone from the ozone generator. However, the adjustment of the pressure of the chamber was difficult and critical although the pressure reduction was successful. Thus we have improved this system : 1) pressure-stabilize the inlet and exhaust ports of the ozone generator, 2) flow monitor from ozone generator, 3) some capillaries (instead of needle valve) are used to make pressure drop between ozone generator and the Teflon chamber, and so on. After these improvements, the developed calibration system worked stably. By comparing a precise ozone monitor, this ozone calibration system can calibrate a ozone measurement instrument with an accuracy of 3%. However, for using this system easily in the observation field, the operation should be automated.

为了研究平流层下部臭氧减少和对流层上部臭氧增加的现象，需要显著提高测量精度。在类似于上对流层/下平流层的低气压条件下，校准臭氧测量仪器是至关重要的。为此，我们研制了一种低压臭氧监测仪的校准装置。首先，我们使用商用标准臭氧发生器作为臭氧源，并制作了带反压控制器的特氟龙室，以降低臭氧发生器产生的臭氧压力。然而，尽管降压成功，但燃烧室压力的调整是困难和关键的。为此，我们对该系统进行了改进：1)臭氧发生器进、排气口的稳压，2)臭氧发生器的流量监测，3)一些毛细管(代替针阀)用于使臭氧发生器和特氟龙室之间的压力降，等等。经过这些改进，所研制的标定系统运行稳定。通过与精密臭氧监测仪的对比，该臭氧定标系统可以对臭氧测量仪器进行精度为3%的定标。但是，为了便于在观测现场使用该系统，需要实现自动化操作。