REMOVAL TECHNOLGIES OF POLLUTANT GASES AND TOXIC HEAVY METALS BY FINE PARTICULATE SORBENTS

细颗粒吸附剂去除污染物气体和有毒重金属技术

• 批准号: 11680570
• 负责人: MORITOMI Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Gifu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680570/
• 关键词: TRACE ELEMENT; TOXIC HEAVY METALS; COMBUSTION; RDF; COAL; WASTE; REMOVAL TECHNOLOGY; POLLUTANT GASES; 塩化水素; 燃焼; 微量成分; 微粒子; 捕捉剤

Decrease of landfill place in Japan gives rise to decrease of volume of final waste. Reduction of the emission of dioxins causes high temperature combustion or gasification condition. Also, increase in efficiency by combined cycle power generation with gas turbine needs the high temperature condition. However, its condition causes the toxic metal emissions, which affect human health. Unless such metal emissions could be enough to controlled by flue gas treatment system or dust separation process with hot gas filters, the service life of the gas turbines should be decreased. Objectives of this research is to capture pollutant gases such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and/or toxic heavy metals as cadmium (Cd) at high temperature by fine particulate sorbent. In first-step experiment focusing on HCl calcium oxide (CaO) of limestone was used as a sorbent. Results by a continuous measurement equipment for HCl showed that conversion of HCl into CaCl_2 is increased with temperature up to 750℃ but … More it is decreased at much higher temperature by melting CaCl_2. Particle size affects on its melting behavior and gives different conversion even at the same reaction temperature. When SO_2 is mixed, the conversion of HCl is decreased by fast formation of CaSO_4. With water, CaCl_2 emits HCl. It suggests that water content in fuel is an important factor to capture Cl by CaO.In second-step experiment on capturing Cd by minerals, kaolinite was used. We already confirmed that as candidates of sorbent to capture Pb and Cd kaolinite could be much effective and halloysite, dickite with similar layer structure are also effective by a batch experiment. In this study by using flow experiment, Cd was supplied as aerozol vapor. Results suggested that the capture yields of cadmium by both filtering of kaolinite are increased with time up to 40 min and decreased at 60 min for any concentration of cadmium. Kaolinite gave a maximum yield of around 40% but it appeared to be independent of the concentration. It is equivalent to the 300μg of cadmium to 1.0g of kaolinite sorbent. Decrease of captured yields at 60 min could be explained by metal leaving sorbent into silica paper and out of these filter. Similar results were also obtained at 800℃. It suggests that metal concentration in flue gases is one of more important parameters as well as temperature and time. Furthermore, effects of particle size and physical and chemical adsorption were measured and described in this report. Less

日本垃圾填埋场的减少导致最终垃圾体积的减少。减少二恶英的排放会导致高温燃烧或气化条件。此外，燃气轮机联合循环发电效率的提高需要高温条件。然而，它的状况会导致有毒金属的排放，影响人类健康。除非这样的金属排放足以通过烟气处理系统或带有热煤气过滤器的粉尘分离工艺来控制，否则燃气轮机的使用寿命应该减少。本研究的目的是利用细颗粒吸附剂在高温下捕集盐酸等污染物气体和/或镉等有毒重金属。在以盐酸为中心的第一步实验中，以石灰石中的氧化钙(CaO)为脱附剂。结果表明，当温度升高到750℃时，HCl转化为CaCl2的能力随温度升高而增加，而…在较高的温度下，CaCl2的熔融降低了CaCl2的转化率。颗粒大小影响其熔融行为，即使在相同的反应温度下，转化率也不同。当混合SO2时，由于CaSO4的快速生成，降低了HCl的转化率。CaCl2与水一起释放出HCl。这说明燃料中的水分含量是影响CaO捕集Cd的重要因素。在矿物捕集Cd的第二步实验中，使用了高岭石。我们已经通过批量实验证实，作为吸附铅和镉的候选高岭石是非常有效的，埃洛石、类似层状结构的地开石也是有效的。在本研究中，通过流动实验，Cd以Aerozol蒸气的形式提供。结果表明，对于任何浓度的镉，高岭石两种过滤方法对镉的捕获率均随时间的延长而增加，在60min时有所下降。高岭石的最高产率约为40%，但似乎与浓度无关。这相当于300μg的镉相当于1.0g的高岭石吸附剂。60min时捕获率的下降可以通过金属进入硅胶纸和离开这些过滤器来解释。在800℃时也得到了类似的结果。结果表明，烟道气中金属浓度与温度、时间一样是重要的参数之一。此外，本报告还测量和描述了颗粒大小和物理和化学吸附的影响。较少

项目成果

K.Sonoda, H.Moritomi, Y.Hashimoto, S.Yoshida, T.Tsuboi, and R.Yoshiie: "Behavior ob Heavy Metal Emissions In Fluidized Bed Incineration Process and High Temperature Removal Technology by Sorbents"Conference on Air Sept.19-21, Virg* Particulate, * Elements

K.Sonoda、H.Moritomi、Y.Hashimoto、S.Yoshida、T.Tsuboi 和 R.Yoshiie：“流化床焚烧过程中的重金属排放行为和吸附剂的高温去除技术”9月19日空气会议

H.MoRiToMi: "Toxic Metals and Frue Particle Emissions -A Japanese Perspective"The Int.Flame Research Foundation Totem 16 Copenhagen. Lecture 8. 1-10 (2000)

H.MoRiToMi：“有毒金属和颗粒物排放 - 日本的视角”国际火焰研究基金会图腾 16 哥本哈根。

N.Fujiwara 他: "A Study of Mercury Transformation Behaviour on Coal Combustion"Conference on Air Quality II. Stream-4. (2000)

N.Fujiwara 等人：“煤炭燃烧中汞转化行为的研究”空气质量会议 II (2000)。

H.Moritomi, R.Yoshiie: "Emission Behavior and Control Technology on Trace Elements in Combustion Processes"3rd Int.Symposiu Temperature Air and Gasification, Japan. D-3. (1999)

H.Moritomi、R.Yoshiie：“燃烧过程中微量元素的排放行为和控制技术”第三届国际温度空气与气化研讨会，日本。

守富寛: "微量成分に対して我々は何をすべきか"燃焼プロセスにおける微量成分ワークショップ. 1-45 (2000)

Hiroshi Moritomi：“我们应该对燃烧过程中的微量成分做什么？”研讨会 1-45 (2000)。