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Analysis of a New Cell Cycle Gene Family in Drosophila and Sacaromyces

果蝇和酵母菌新细胞周期基因家族的分析

基本信息

批准号：
11680694
负责人：
SUGIYAMA Shin
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680694/
关键词：
Yeast Drosophila Cell Cycle

项目摘要

The GCC(Growth ＆ Cell Cycle)-A1 gene was first identified in D. melanogaster as a mutant showing slow growth and reduced body size. Hypomorphic adults have small bristles, shortened lifespans and reduced male fertilty. Eggs produced by hypomorphic females show arrested nuclear divisions at cleavage stage. Twin-spot analysis revealed a reduction in clone size according to allelic strength. These results suggest a role in cell proliferation or cell growth. Over-expression of GCC-A1 in the eye produced a rough-eye phenotype in a dose dependent manner. Genetic interaction with cell death genes indicate this superficial phenotype is caused by apoptosis. Over-expression of GCC-A1 combined with expression of P35 to suppress apoptosis led to an increase in the number of ommatidia. Over-expression of GCC-A1 in the wing disc caused an increase in cell size, suggesting that GCC-A1's primary role may be in cell growth. GCC-A1's putative protein product is novel with no motifs revealing its biochemical function, but a database search found genes of unknown function in C. elegans, S. cerevisiae and S. pombe sharing homology restricted to a domain of approximately 150 amino acids. We disrupted the 4 genes in S. cerevisiae which we refer to as GCC-A, -B1, -B2 and -C. GCC-A disruptants are arrested at G1 phase and GCC-C disruptants show slow growth and do not sporulate suggesting that GCC type proteins function in cell cycle progression in both insects and yeast. Analysis of tagged proteins showed that both fly GCC and yeast GCC-A are localized at membrane structures in the cytoplasm suggesting further similarities in the roles of the genes in both organisms.

GCC(Growth&Cell Cycle，生长与细胞周期)-A1基因是在黑腹水母中首次发现的一种生长缓慢、体型变小的突变体。发育不全的成虫有较小的刚毛，寿命缩短，雄性生育能力降低。亚形雌体产生的卵在卵裂期显示核分裂受阻。双点分析表明，克隆大小根据等位基因强度而减小。这些结果表明在细胞增殖或细胞生长中起作用。GCC-A1在眼睛中的过度表达以一种剂量依赖的方式产生了粗糙的眼睛表型。与细胞死亡基因的遗传交互作用表明，这种表型是由细胞凋亡引起的。GCC-A1的过度表达联合P35的表达抑制细胞凋亡，导致小眼数目增加。GCC-A1在翼盘中的过度表达导致细胞大小增加，提示GCC-A1‘S可能在细胞生长中起主要作用。GCC-A1‘S推测的蛋白产物是一个新的蛋白质产物，没有揭示其生化功能的基序，但数据库搜索发现在线虫、酿酒酵母和庞氏链霉菌中功能未知的基因具有大约150个氨基酸的同源性。我们干扰了酿酒酵母中的4个基因，我们称之为GCC-A、-B1、-B2和-C。GCC-A干扰物滞留在G1期，GCC-C干扰物生长缓慢且不产孢子，这表明GCC类蛋白在昆虫和酵母的细胞周期进程中发挥作用。对标记蛋白的分析表明，苍蝇GCC和酵母GCC-A都定位于细胞质中的膜结构，这表明这两个基因在两种生物中的作用进一步相似。