International Collaboration for Application of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy to Intraoperative Irradiational Therapy

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We perform the international collaboration for appication of Boron Neutron capture Therapy(BNCT) to intraoperative irradiation thrapy of cancer.(1) We prepare a polyethylene-glycol (PEG) binding liposome entrapped ^<10>B compound for the delivery system. After thermal neutron irradiation of mice injected with ^<10>B-bare liposome or ^<10>B-PEG-liposome, AsPC-1 tumour growth was suppressed relative to controls. Injection of ^<10>B-PEG-liposome caused the greatest tumour suppression with thermal neutron irradiation in vivo.(2) We performed neutron capture autoradiography(NCAR) using CR-39 plastic track detectors. The CR-39 detectors attached with samples were exposed to thermal neutrons or cold neutrons at Rikkyo University, PSI, Institute of Jozef Stefan or Sakley Institute. We can increase the accumulation of ^<10>B atoms in the tumor tissues by PEG-liposome, which increase the retension in the blood flow and escape the phagocytosis by RES.(3) BNCT were performed to 64 brain tumor patients consisting of glioblastoma maltiforme(GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma at Kyoto University Reactor. BNCT was superior to the standard therapy on survival rate in Japan. Two-year survival rates were superior to the outcome by standard treatment.(4) The BNCT group of pavia University, Italy, was performed the BNCT for isolated liver with multiple metastasis of colon cancer after perfusion of BPA. After BNCT the liver was reconnected to the patient. The outcome of the patient is still good in 7 months after operation.(5) Eighteen patients of GBM was performed the BNCT after drip infusion of BPA at reactor of Helsinki University, Finland. The average planning target dose of neutron and normal brain dose of neutron was 30〜61Gy and 3〜6 Gy, respectively. The total 1-year survival rate was 61%.