Reaction Engineering for Laser Applications

1. 本研究的目的是建立一门用于激光应用的反应工程科学，激光具有单色性、高能量密度等吸引人的特点。新型固相反应的激光反应工程：研究了稀有气体低温晶体中掺杂H_2S的氢键红外光谱，以及脉冲激光照射下掺杂H_2S生成H原子的过程。研究了制备的氢原子对激光辐照波长的迁移率和反应性。研究了掺杂O_2和N_2在稀有气体晶体中激发态的光物理性质。观察到的慢弛豫速率表明，掺杂的O_2和N_2在晶体中被有效地隔离，掺杂的O_2和N_2与宿主分子之间不存在强相互作用。激光反应工程在缩合相中引发自由基反应：研究了紫外激光辐照下O_2在超临界CO_2中的光解离过程。建立了降低生成活性氧所需能量的机理。光辐照可作为超临界CO_2.4中自由基反应的引发剂。激光对界面的辐照：(1)研究了脉冲激光对Au离子、Au胶体和半导体溶液的辐照。辐照引起了光还原、胶体颗粒大小变化等，并对其机理进行了讨论。提出了一种利用激光照射凝胶中的胶体制备记录介质的新方法。(2)研究了空气痕量物质吸附在冰面上的光化学过程。吸附分子与冰表面的相互作用影响了光化学过程。

1. The objective of the present research is to construct a reaction engineering science for application of lasers, whose light has attractive features such as mono-chromaticity, high energy density, etc.2. Laser reaction engineering for novel reactions in solid phase : The IR spectra of hydrogen bonds of H_2S doped in rare gas low temperature crystals, and production of H atoms from the doped H_2S under pulsed laser irradiation were studied. The mobility and reactivity of the produced H atoms against the irradiation laser wavelength were studied. The photo-physical properties of the excited states of doped O_2 and N_2 in rare gas crystals were also studied. The observed slow relaxation rates implied that the doped O_2 and N_2 are effectively isolated in the crystal in the sense that no strong interaction between the doped and host molecules exists.3. Laser reaction engineering for initiating radical reactions in condensed phase : The photo-dissociation process of O_2 in supercritical CO_2 was studied under the UV laser irradiation. The mechanism for the lowering of the necessary energy to producing active oxygen species was established. The photo-irradiation can be used as the initiator of radical reactions in supercritical CO_2.4. Laser irradiation on interfaces : (1) Pulsed laser irradiation of Au ion, Au colloid and semiconductor solutions was studied. The irradiation caused photo-reduction, size change of colloidal particles, etc., whose mechanisms were discussed. A novel technique for preparing a recording medium by laser irradiation of colloids in gels was successfully proposed. (2) The photochemical process of adsorbed air-trace materials on ice surface was studied. The interaction of the adsorbed molecule and ice surface was found to affect the photochemical process.