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Control of Chain Reactions by Use of Laser Irradiation - One-step Methanol Synthesis from Methane -

利用激光照射控制链式反应 - 甲烷一步合成甲醇 -

基本信息

批准号：
62550603
负责人：
KODA Seiichiro
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62550603/
关键词：
Laser Chain Reaction Methane Methanol Synthesis Premixed Methanol レーザー発火レーザー合成

项目摘要

The laser light is very monochromatic, powerful and sometimes in a very short pulse, which is expected to be used in order to control effectively chain reactions in chemical syntheses and some other related processes.In the present investigation, one-step synthesis of methanol from methane, and laser ignition of methanol/air premixed gases have been studied from the above view point.1. In the experimental investigation of one-step synthesis of methanol from methane, methane, O_2 and N_2O (as an effective laser light absorber) were introduced into a temperature-controllable reaction cell and were irradiated by ArF eximer laser light at 193 nm. The reaction temperature was room temperature - 300゜C, and the pressure, 300 - 600 Torr. The products were oxygen-containing species including methanol, C_2-C_3 hydrocarbons as well as CO and CO_2 Tthe methane conversion and the selectivity of methanol increased in the presence of O_2, which indicated the existence of oxidative chain reactions in favor of methanol synthesis.2. The ignition of premixed methanol/air mixtures was performed on a rectangular nozzle burner, and the necessary laser fluence for the successful ignition was determined as a function of equivalence ratio of the premixed gases. The results were analysed by use of a computer simulation. It was concluded that the laser ignition was characterized by simultaneous production of heat and radical species.The above two examples in the present research clearly showed the possibility of laser control of chain reactions in various processes.

激光具有单色强、脉冲短的特点，有望用于化学合成和其他相关过程中的链式反应的有效控制。本研究从上述角度研究了甲烷一步法合成甲醇，以及甲醇/空气预混气体的激光点火。在甲烷一步法合成甲醇的实验研究中，将甲烷、O_2和N_2O（作为有效的激光吸收剂）引入温度可控的反应池中，用ArF准分子激光照射193 nm。反应温度为室温- 300 C，压力为300 - 600 Torr。产物为含氧物质，包括甲醇、C_2-C_3烃以及CO和CO_2。在O_2的存在下，甲烷的转化率和甲醇的选择性提高，表明存在有利于甲醇合成的氧化链式反应。在矩形喷嘴燃烧器上进行了甲醇/空气预混混合物的点火实验，确定了成功点火所需的激光能量密度与预混气体当量比的关系。利用计算机模拟对结果进行了分析。结果表明，激光点火具有热和自由基同时产生的特点。本研究中的上述两个例子清楚地说明了激光控制各种过程中链式反应的可能性。