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Atmospheric Interfacial Chemistry

大气界面化学

基本信息

批准号：
09044138
负责人：
KODA Seiichiro
金额：
$ 4.93万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09044138/
关键词：
Atmospheric interfacial chemistry Gas-liquid interface Heterogeneous reaction Sea salt particles Active halogen Polar stratospheric clouds Ozone destruction Acid rain 極成層圏雲

项目摘要

1. The objective of the present research is to study the climate change and atmospheric chemistry on the basis of the understanding of heterogeneous chemistry, which plays an important role in the circulation of trace species in the atmosphere. This research project is organized by 4 independent researchers (two from Japan, one from USA, and one from Switzerland) who exchange the scientific knowledge concerned among them very actively. The main research target is the heterogeneous chemical reactions which proceed on aerosols and sea salt particles.2. (1) Prof.Koda (Mass transport and heterogeneous reactions related to gas-liquid interfaces) has developed the novel impinging flow technique, and measured the uptake coefficients of Nox_2 OH and I_2 to the aqueous surfaces. (2) Prof.Akimoto (Production of active halogen species on sea salts and its relation to ozone destruction) has investigated heterogenous reactions involving alkali halide particles and gaseous ozone and tried to explore the possible role of sea salt particles as a source of reactive halogen species on the troposphere. (3) Prof. Molina (Heterogenous chemistry related to polar stratospheric clouds) has studied the physico-chemical characteristics of ice particles formation and discussed the reactions of halogen and nitrogen oxides species on polar stratospheric clouds. (4) Dr.Rossi (Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and atmospheric environmental chemistry) investigated the heterogeneous reactions such as those between nitrous acid and hydrogen chloride on solid surfaces by means of Knudsen cell method.3. The international collaboration has progressed through the mutual visit among the investigators. Some examples are : visit of Koda to Moliria (June, 1997), visit of Rossi to Koda (Nov., 1997).

1. 非均质化学在大气中痕量物质的循环中起着重要作用，本研究的目的是在了解非均质化学的基础上研究气候变化与大气化学的关系。该研究项目由4名独立研究人员（日本2名，美国1名，瑞士1名）组织，他们之间进行了非常积极的科学知识交流。主要研究对象是气溶胶和海盐颗粒之间的非均相化学反应。(1) koda教授（Mass transport and heterogeneous reactions related to gas-liquid interfaces）开发了一种新的碰撞流技术，并测量了Nox_2 OH和I_2在水表面的吸收系数。(2) akimoto教授（海盐产生活性卤素及其与臭氧破坏的关系）研究了碱卤化物颗粒与气态臭氧的非均相反应，并试图探索海盐颗粒作为对流层活性卤素物质来源的可能作用。(3) Molina教授（与极地平流层云相关的异质性化学）研究了冰粒形成的物理化学特征，并讨论了卤素和氮氧化物在极地平流层云上的反应。(4) Dr.Rossi （Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and atmospheric environmental chemistry）用Knudsen cell法研究了固体表面上的亚硝酸和氯化氢等非均相反应。通过调查人员之间的相互访问，国际合作取得了进展。例如：科达访问莫利亚（1997年6月），罗西访问科达（1997年11月）。