Basic Research on Discovery and Functions of Novel Physiologically Active Complex Carbohydrates

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[1]Systematic synthesis of newly discovered sulfated sialyl Lewis X variants and elucidation of a novel immunity regulation system : It has been demonstrated at the molecular level, for the first time, that the de-N-acetylation of sialic acid (activation) and lactamization (inactivation) are the key reactions in the L-selectin ligand processing by the systematic precise synthesis (Carbohydr.Res.,338,2793-2812,2003). Thus, the highly efficient total synthesis of sialyl 6-O-sulfo Lewis X hexasaccharide gangliosides and sialyl 6-O-sulfo paraglobosides containing the de-N-acetylated and lactamized sialic acids have successfully carried out. By using the ~ synthesized ganglioside probes, the lactamized-sialyl 6-O-sulfo Lewis X was identified to be a major determinant recognized by G159 monoclonal antibody.[2]A novel sulfated ganglioside GSC-338 designed from α-series hybrid-type ganglioside has been found to be a super-high affinity ligand of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a neural siglec 4a (Carbohydr.Res.,338,1621-1639,2003). It has also been found that GSC-338 is a potent inhibitor of CD38 NADase expressed on leukocytes (Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.,13,3441-3445,2003).[3]The first total synthesis of α-(2-3)/α(2-6)-disialyl lactotetraosyl ceramide and disialyl Lewis X ganglioside as cancer-associated carbohydrate antigents has been carried out (Carbohydr. Res.,338,503-514,2003). The biosynthetic route and the expected functions were elucidated at the molecular level (J.Biol.Chem.,278,22787-22794,2003)