Visual Prosthesis -Study of hybrid retinal implant-

视觉假体-混合视网膜植入物的研究-

• 批准号: 12358016
• 负责人: MIYAKE Yuzo
• 金额: $ 30.55万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12358016/
• 关键词: simulation; retinal prosthesis; imaging analysis; electric stimulus; stimulus electrode; optical coherence tomography; regeneration; axon; パルス形状; 光学的断層計; 網膜タック; 大動物; MNU; 局所網膜電図; 網膜変性マウス; 網膜電極; ネコ; 神経節細胞; レスキュー; 再生; ハイブリッド型網膜; 網膜神経節細胞

(1) Simulation of visual prosthesis in virtual system : It is essential to determine the specifications which meet the minimal needs in daily lives of patients. For this purpose, a prosthetic vision simulator was developed, which enables to experience prosthetic vision in the visual space. Experimental results suggested that the electric current intensity in simulation has small effects to the reading ability. (2) Imaging signal analysis : To get proper electrical stimulation to the retina, the special hardware was developed with a compact curcuit. We proved this device is essential for retinal prosthesis. (3) Evaluation of electrical stimulus to visual neuron : To investigate the most suitable stimulus condition of the electrical pulse to the retina, normal and retinal degenerated rats were used. We found that short wave stimuli are more effective than pulse waves. Using cats, the visual evoked response from the visual cortex were evaluated changing the pulse width, pulse intensity and distance of electrodes by putting the stimulus electrode array on the lateral geniculate. We found that the pulse intensity influences the response more than pulse width. (4) The modification of stimulus electrode for human retina : Several modifications were made for the retinal exoplant in human. The optical coherence tomography was found to be a good monitor to check the depth and location of the exoplant. (5) Survival and axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in adult cats : We introduced several methods to rescure the axotomized cat retinal ganglion cells from apotosis and regulate their axons ; transplantation of the peripheral nerve, intraocular injections of neurotrophic factors, or an antiapotopic drug.

(1)虚拟系统中视觉假体的仿真：确定满足患者日常生活最小需求的规格是至关重要的。为此，开发了一种假肢视觉模拟器，实现了在视觉空间中对假肢视觉的体验。实验结果表明，模拟中的电流强度对读取能力影响较小。(2)成像信号分析：为使视网膜得到适当的电刺激，研制了电路紧凑的专用硬件。我们证明了该装置是视网膜假体必不可少的。(3)视觉神经元电刺激评价：以正常大鼠和视网膜变性大鼠为实验对象，探讨电脉冲对视网膜的最适宜刺激条件。我们发现短波刺激比脉冲刺激更有效。以猫为实验对象，通过在猫的外侧膝状突起上放置刺激电极阵列，改变脉冲宽度、脉冲强度和电极距离，评估视觉皮层的视觉诱发反应。我们发现脉冲强度比脉冲宽度对响应的影响更大。(4)人视网膜刺激电极的修饰：对人视网膜外植体进行了几种修饰。光学相干层析成像可以很好地监测外植体的深度和位置。(5)成年猫视网膜神经节细胞的存活和轴突再生：我们介绍了几种方法来挽救被阉割的猫视网膜神经节细胞凋亡并调节其轴突；周围神经移植，眼内注射神经营养因子，或抗凋亡药物。

项目成果

Ueno S, Kondo M, Niwa Y, Terasaki H, Miyake Y: "Luminance dependence of neural components that underlies the primate photopic electroretinogram."Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. (in press). (2004)

Ueno S、Kondo M、Niwa Y、Terasaki H、Miyake Y：“灵长类明视视网膜电图背后的神经成分的亮度依赖性。”Invest Ophasemol Vis Sci。

Yamamoto E, Horio N, Terasaki H, Miyake Y: "Evaluation of optic nerve function by flicker adaptation in optic nerve diseases"Neuro-Ophthalmology. 25. 35-41 (2002)

Yamamoto E、Horio N、Terasaki H、Miyake Y：“通过视神经疾病中的闪烁适应来评估视神经功能”神经眼科。

Kondo M, Miyake Y, et al.: "Multifocal ERG findings in complete type congenital stationary night blindness"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.. 42. 1342-48 (2001)

Kondo M、Miyake Y 等人：“完全型先天性静止性夜盲症的多灶 ERG 结果”Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.. 42. 1342-48 (2001)

Nakamura M, Ito S, et al.: "Novel CACNA1F mutations in Japanese patients with incomplete congenital stationary night blindness."Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 42. 1610-1616 (2001)

Nakamura M、Ito S 等人：“日本不完全先天性静止性夜盲症患者中出现新的 CACNA1F 突变。”Invest Ophasemol Vis Sci。

Kondo M, Miyake Y, et al.: "Peripheral cone dystrophy : A variant of cone dystrophy with predominant dysfunction in the peripheral cone system"Ophthalmology. (In press). (2004)

Kondo M、Miyake Y 等人：“外周视锥细胞营养不良：视锥细胞营养不良的一种变体，主要是外周视锥细胞系统功能障碍”眼科。