The Origin of Ancient States in Mesoamerica : Ideology and Polity Materialized at the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan

中美洲古代国家的起源：特奥蒂瓦坎月亮金字塔的意识形态和政体的具体化

基本信息

批准号：
12371008
负责人：
SUGIYAMA Saburo
金额：
$ 18.32万
依托单位：
Aichi Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The Moon Pyramid, one of the main monuments in Teotihuacan, Mexico, was intensively excavated in order to understand the state ideology, the political structure, and the urbanization process of this planned ancient city. As a joint project with the Mexican National Institute of Anthropology and History, we carried out three-month fieldwork during the summer of 2000 and 2001. The recording and analyses of the materials obtained, input of the information, ink-drawing, and other laboratory works have been taking place at the Aichi Prefectural University and the local research center in Teotihuacan, where we store virtually all excavated materials. Our tunnel excavation into the core of the Moon Pyramid revealed that there were seven architectural stages (named one to seven), each one superimposed above its earlier one, and that there were three burial complexes, called Burial 2, 3, and 4, which were associated with the fourth, fifth, and sixth stages respectively. Burial 4, discovered near the center of the Moon Pyramid in 2000, was composed of 17 human heads decapitated without any offering. A new tunnel excavated near the top of the pyramid in 2001-2002 uncovered the upper floor of the 5^<th> building. We also found the rest of possible temple or alter and two burial pits on this upper floor when we were concluding the 2002 fieldwork, therefore we plan to explore the burials in 2002-2003 season. Trenches and pits were excavated around the perimeter of the pyramid in order to temporally and spatially locate the Moon Pyramid in its city-wide context. As a result, the long modification process of the monument is now fully understood ; the process appears to have reflected expanding state politics, and the contents of the burials would have represented the state ideology and characteristics of its government as well. Particularly the importance of sacrificial rituals and military institutions was stressed as a fundamental factor of the state formation and transformation.

为了了解这个计划中的古城的国家意识形态，政治结构和城市化过程，墨西哥特奥蒂瓦坎的主要古迹之一是月亮金字塔。 As a joint project with the Mexican National Institute of Anthropology and History, we carried out three-month fieldwork during the summer of 2000 and 2001. The recording and analyses of the materials obtained, input of the information, ink-drawing, and other laboratory works have been taking place at the Aichi Prefectural University and the local research center in Teotihuacan, where we store virtually all excavated materials.我们进入月球金字塔核心的隧道发掘表明，有七个建筑阶段（命名为一到七个），每个阶段都叠加在其早期上方，并且分别有三个称为埋葬2、3和4的埋葬综合体，它们分别与第四，第五和第六阶段有关。埋葬4在2000年在月球金字塔中心附近发现，由17个人头斩首而没有任何产品。 2001 - 2002年，在金字塔顶部附近挖掘了一条新隧道，发现了5^<th>建筑物的上层。当我们结束2002年实地考察时，我们还发现了在这个上层的其余可能的寺庙或Alter坑，因此我们计划在2002-2003赛季探索葬礼。在金字塔的周围挖掘了沟槽和坑，以便在临时和空间上定位月球金字塔在其全市范围的环境中。结果，纪念碑的漫长修改过程现在已经完全理解。该过程似乎反映了不断扩大的国家政治，葬礼的内容也代表了政府的国家意识形态和特征。尤其是牺牲仪式和军事机构的重要性是国家形成和转型的基本因素。