A psychological research on the relationship between selective attention and spontaneous blinking

正如谚语所说，眼睛是心灵的窗户，人们在面对面的情况下会注意到别人的眼睛。许多研究已经解释了眼行为和心理过程之间的关系。在这项研究中，我们注意到眼睛行为中的自发眨眼活动，因为眨眼的发生不仅是为了保护眼睛免受外部刺激，而且与金属信息处理有关（Tada，Yamada，& Fukuda，1991）。我们研究了认知加工任务中眨眼活动的时间分布（TDBs）的方法，分析了基于自动视频眨眼分析系统（Matsuo & Fukuda，1996）。结果表明，自发性眨眼在加工刺激过程中被抑制，在加工结束时被促进，时间延迟性眨眼影响眨眼率的谷值和峰值。本研究的目的是利用双通道注意任务（其中一个通道被注意，另一个通道不被注意）来证明选择性注意任务中眨眼的变化。结果表明，在加工刺激过程中，自发性眨眼被抑制，在加工结束时被促进，时间延迟性眨眼影响眨眼率的谷值和峰值刺激。在实验1和实验2中，无任务条件下，听觉刺激后的眨眼率没有达到峰值，而无任务条件下，视觉刺激后的眨眼率达到峰值。实验3中，选择性注意听觉刺激嵌入非任务听觉刺激后，眨眼的发生受到抑制。实验4中，选择性注意视觉刺激嵌入非任务视觉刺激后，在眨眼率峰值后持续眨眼。在实验5中，眨眼率没有达到高峰后，非关注的空间刺激。这些结果提示，眨眼的变化可能与选择性注意有关，眨眼可以为驾驶过程中的欺骗或注意检测提供一个额外的指标。

As the proverb saying that the eye is the window of the mind, people attend to other's eye in the face-to-face situation. Many studies have explained the relationship between the eye behavior and psychological processes. In this research, we noticed the spontaneous eye blink activity in the eye behavior because eye blinks occur in order to not only protect the eye from external stimuli but also to be related to metal information processing (Tada, Yamada, & Fukuda, 1991). We have studied the eye blink activity during cognitive processing tasks using a method of temporal distribution of blinks (TDBs) analyzed by an automatic video based blink analysis system (Matsuo & Fukuda, 1996). The results have shown that spontaneous eye blinks was inhibited during processing stimuli and facilitated at the termination of processing and that the TDBs shaped the blink rate trough and peak.The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate the changes in eye blinks during selective attention tasks using a dual modality attention task in which one modality is attended and the other is not attended in the presentation of visual and auditory stimuli. In experiment 1 and 2, the blink rate did not peak after auditory stimuli in no task, although the blink rate peaked after visual stimuli in no task. In experiment 3, the occurrence of blink was inhibited after the selective attended auditory stimuli embedded in no task auditory stimuli. In experiment 4, blinks occurred continuously after the blink rate peak after the selective attended visual stimuli embedded in no task visual stimuli. In experiment 5, the blink rate did not peak after non-attended spatial stimuli. These results suggested that changes in eye blinks could be related to selective attention and that eye blinks could provide an additional index for the detection of deception or the attention during driving automobile.