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SCHOOL CHOICE SYSTEM AND DIVERSITY AND UNIQUENESS IN EDUCATION

择校制度与教育的多样性和独特性

基本信息

批准号：
12610304
负责人：
YAMAMURA Shigeru
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
NATIONAL CENTER FOR UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS (2001-2002)National Center Test for University Admissions (2000)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610304/
关键词：
SCHOOL CHOICE EDUCATIONAL MARKET OPEN ENROLMENT EDUCATIONAL POLICY SECONARY EDUCATION UK

项目摘要

The report consists of three studies.The purpose of the first study is to estimate effectiveness and influences of the Open Enrolment on secondary schools in England and Wales. Open Enrolment was introduced by the Education Reform Act 1988. It is hypothesised in the theory of quasi-market in education that competitions can improve school performance. To examine this, relationships between the degree of competitions and improvements in GCSE were statistically analysed. According to the multiple regression analysis, the degree of competitions was not statistically significant to explain the improvements. Problems in education that the quasi-market brought were also discussed. Comparing between the winning schools and the losing schools, following tendencies were found. (a) : The losing schools tend to have more pupils who are eligible for free school meals than the winning schools. (b) There ere tendencies in the losing schools that staff morale has declined, children's learning is not benefiting, and meeting special educational needs has become more difficult. c There is a tendency that neither the winning schools nor the losing schools have been promoted co-operation for education and management with neighbouring secondary schools by Open Enrolment.The second study analysed the effect of Open Enrolment and market forces on schools, relationships between school and parents and relationships between a school and neighbouring schools.The third discussed the effectiveness of Open Enrolment on diversity and uniqueness in education. It is found that every school tended to make efforts in education in a same way. This led to secondary education uniformity rather than diversity.

该报告由三项研究组成。第一项研究的目的是估计英格兰和威尔士中学开放招生的有效性和影响。《1988年教育改革法》引入了公开招生制度。教育准市场理论假设竞争可以提高学校绩效。为了检验这一点，我们对竞争程度与GCSE成绩提高之间的关系进行了统计分析。根据多元回归分析，竞争程度没有统计学意义来解释这种改善。本文还讨论了准市场给教育带来的问题。通过对获胜学校和失败学校的比较，发现了以下趋势：（一）：失败的学校往往比获胜的学校有更多的学生有资格获得免费校餐。(b)失学学校有员工士气低落、儿童学习没有受益、满足特殊教育需要变得更加困难的趋势。c有一种趋势，即无论是获胜的学校还是失败的学校，都没有通过“公开招生”与邻近的中学在教育和管理方面进行合作。第二项研究分析了开放招生和市场力量对学校的影响、学校与家长之间的关系以及学校与邻近学校之间的关系。第三章探讨了开放招生对教育多样性和独特性的影响。我们发现，每所学校在教育方面的努力往往是相同的。这导致了中等教育的统一性而非多样性。