Local Development and Rise of New Folk-Culture in Yaeyama

全球化一方面是乡村社区崩溃的主要因素，另一方面又是新社区诞生的关键因素。本研究的目的是利用在多马和石垣北部的几次实地调查收集的数据来讨论这些现象。自20世纪70年代以来，由于捕鱼业的衰退和高等教育的增加，该市出现了明显的人口减少。然而，移民们在石垣岛组织了一个新的HATOMA社区。他们不仅积极参加在本岛举行的年度节日，而且在政治上和情感上支持本岛居民，尽管他们与本岛没有经济关系。HATOMA社会不在HATOMA，而是在石垣，所以社区生活一直在继续，从未中断，从HATOMA到石垣。除此之外，从日本各地来的新来者，在短时间内也没有中断过。所以家庭数量保持不变（几乎是30个）。在石垣北部，在来自宫古和冲绳的移民离开后，来自日本各地的新冲绳梦想家来到这里定居，他们受到了真正以人为本的生活方式的怀旧思想和意识形态的刺激。对他们来说，由于生活缓慢而自然，去大众化和大量老龄化是可取的。

Globalization is ,on the one hand, a main factor of the collapse of village community, on the other hand a key factor of the creation of new community. The purpose of the study is to discuss these phenomena using the data collected in several field survey in HATOMA and NORTHERN ISHIGAKI.HATOMA, since 1970's, because of decline of fihery and increase of higher education there had been remarkable depopulalization. Immigrants, however, have organized a new HATOMA community in ISHIGAKIJIMA. They have not only participated actively annual festivals held in their home island, but also politically and emotionally supported their home islanders although they had no economic concern to the Island. HATOMA society is not in HATOMA ,but in ISHIGAKI, so the community life had continued ,never interrupted, from HATOMA to ISHIGAKI. Besides that, in HATOMA, newcomers from all parts of Japan, without interruption, had come to live shortly. So the numbers of households keep constantly same (almost 30).In NORTHERN ISHIGAKI, after settlers from MIYAKO and OKINAWA left, new Okinawa-dreamers from all parts of Japan came to settle new life, stimulated by the idea and the ideology of nostalgia and authenticity of real human-based way of life. For them, depopulalizaion and large number of aged people is desirable because of slow and natural- based life.