Analyses and pedagogy for the usage of sentence final morphology and intonation of Japanese expressing speaker's intention of an utterance

日语表达说话人意图的句末形态和语调的运用分析与教学

• 批准号: 12610551
• 负责人: MISONO Yasuko
• 金额: $ 1.66万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610551/
• 关键词: sentence final morphology; pitch pattern; falling intonation; rising intonation; sentence type; listener's interpretation; 上昇; 下降; 文脈

The relation between the intonational characteristics of the utterances ended with janai (negative/sentence final) and the listeners' interpretations of them were examined.A professional speaker and four native speakers of Tokyo dialect recorded sentences ended with either negative or sentence final janai with falling/rising sentence final intonation. We had four groups of stimuli "sukijanai": (a) negative janai with falling intonation (b) negative janai with rising intonation (c) sentence-final janai with falling intonation (d) sentence-final janai, with rising intonation. We classified the usage of janai into four groups : (1) <negative> (2) <positive> (3) <yes-no question> (4) <agreement asking>. In the experiment, a subject listened to 37 stimuli and selected a usage from the above (1)-(4) as his/her interpretation of the speakers' intention. We had totally ten subjects.(1) There were characteristic differences in pitch contours between the stimuli of [negative, falling] and [sente … More nce-final, falling].(2) Listeners' interpretations of the stimuli of [negative, falling] were exclusively <negative>.(3) Listeners' interpretations of the stimuli of [sentence-final, falling] were <agreement asking> 74%, <positive> 24%.(4) Four stimuli of [negative, rising] had characteristic sentence final intonation, of which 85% of the interpretations were <y-n question>. Except these, we found no characteristic differences in pitch contours between the stimuli of [negative, rising] and [sentence-final, rising].(5) Listeners' interpretations for the stimuli of [rising]([negative, rising] and [sentence-final, rising]) were <y-n question> 50%, <agreement asking> 38% and <positive> 10%.(6) There was considerable variability between listeners in the way they interpreted the stimuli of [sentence-final, falling] and [rising].(7) The number of the varieties of the interpretations also differed according to listeners. Some listeners, who seemingly had simpler system of interpretation of the stimuli, had smaller number of the varieties of interpretations, whereas some listeners had greater number of the varieties. Less

研究结果表明，以否定句尾结尾的句子的语调特征与受试者的理解之间存在着一定的关系，受试者分别记录了以否定句尾结尾的句子和以否定句尾结尾的句子，以及以否定句尾结尾的句子。我们有四组刺激“sukijanai”：（a）负janai与下降的语调（B）负janai与上升的语调（c）降语调的最后janai（d）最后janai，与上升的语调。我们将janai的用法分为四类：（1）<negative>（2）<positive>（3）<yes-no question>（4）<agreement asking>。在实验中，受试者听到37个刺激，并从上述（1）-（4）中选择一个用法作为他/她对说话者意图的解释。我们一共有十个科目。(1)[否定，下降]和[sente]刺激在音高轮廓上存在特征性差异 ...更多信息 最终，下降）。(2)受试者对[否定，下降]刺激的解释是排他性的<negative>。(3)被试对[最后一句，落下]刺激的解释率分别为<agreement asking>74%、<positive>24%。(4)[否定，上升]的四种刺激具有特征句尾语调，其中85%的解释是<y-n question>。除此之外，我们没有发现[负，上升]和[末级，上升]刺激之间的音高轮廓特征差异。(5)被试对[上升]刺激（[否定，上升]和[最终，上升]）的解释率分别为<y-n question>50%、<agreement asking>38%和<positive>10%。(6)听众在解释刺激的方式上有很大的差异，比如[上升，下降]和[下降]。(7)根据听众的不同，各种解释的数量也有所不同。有些听众，谁似乎有简单的系统的解释刺激，有较少的品种的解释，而有些听众有更多的品种。少