Study of Agricultural Land Iaw in legal history

根据研究执行计划，在本会计年度，为了完善我从上一会计年度收集的数据，我去了两次京都县档案馆，3次群马县档案馆。本文拟参考租客纠纷表、租客调解受理/结果报告等资料，研究群马县和京都两个地区租客关系的变化。为了这次调查，我在本财政年度几乎花费了科学研究补助金。因此，我了解到，在京都的案例中，某种形式的租户纠纷解决从1927年开始出现。在这种形式中，地主和佃户在双方都在场的情况下，通过调解条款事先指定收成调查用地，并根据工程师测量的刚性收成量来决定减租程度。双方共同参与的收获调查，从江户时代起就作为社区工作而存在。更重要的是，这种调查程序作为调解条款具有法律执行力，这是这个时代的特点。有人认为，这种制度是在房东和租客之间的对立中诞生的。因为，这一条款系统地消除了双方之间的协议。与京都相比，群马县很少有减租程序的条款。而且绝大多数情况下都有只减免一次租金或只归还一次农田的条款。我可以在新田郡的豪多村和山田郡的森田村找到例外。沟渡村在全国被称为“无产村”。这两个村庄的租户纠纷非常激烈。因此，调解条款大都有减租程序。但是，当我看到程序的内容时，很多情况下都有由房东和租户组成的“委员会”。他们在这个委员会里决定减租的程度。我在群马岛找不到消除双方达成协议的机会的例子，但我在京都找到了这种消除的例子。群马的委员会条款可以说是过去“社区决定”的延伸。少

In this fiscal year, I went to Kyoto prefectural archives twice and to Gunma prefectural archives 3 times, in order to improve the data that I have collected from last fiscal year, according to the research enforcement plan. It is to study the changes of the relationship between landlords and tenants in two areas, Gunma and Kyoto prefecture, in reference to tenant dispute tables, tenancy conciliation acceptance/result reports etc. I spent almost Grant-in-Aid for scientific research in this fiscal year for this survey.Thus, I understood that some formality of tenant dispute solution appears from about 1927 in cases of Kyoto. In this formality, landlords and tenants, by conciliation clause, previously designate some farmland for harvest survey and they decide degree of rent reduction according to rigid harvest quantity measured by engineers, in the presence of both sides. The harvest survey in the presence of both sides has existed as the community work from the Edo era for it itself. Ho … More wever, it is the characteristic in this era that such a survey procedure got legal executive force as a conciliation clause. It is thought that such a system was born at the top of opposition between landlords and tenants. Because, this clause has systematically eliminated the agreement between both sides.In comparison to Kyoto, in Gunma, there are few cases which have some clause of rent reduction procedure. And overwhelmingly many cases have clause of only once rent reduction or only once farmland return. I can find the exception in Nitta-gun Goudo village and Yamada-gun Morita village. Goudo village won the name as "a propertyless village" across the country. Tenant disputes were fought intensely in these 2 villages. Therefore, conciliation clause mostly have rent reduction procedure. But, when I see the contents of the procedure, many cases have "committee" which consists of landlords and tenants. They decide the degree of rent reduction in this committee. I cannot find in Gunma such cases as eliminate the opportunity of the agreement between both sides, though I can find such elimination in Kyoto. I can say that the clause about committee in Gunma appears as an extension of past "community decision". Less