Study of Agricultural Land Iaw in legal history

法制史上农地法研究

• 批准号: 12620012
• 负责人: KAWAGUCHI Yoshihiko
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Hosei University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12620012/
• 关键词: Tenancy conciliation; Rent reduction; Land reform; 農地立法; 経済更生運動

In this fiscal year, I went to Kyoto prefectural archives twice and to Gunma prefectural archives 3 times, in order to improve the data that I have collected from last fiscal year, according to the research enforcement plan. It is to study the changes of the relationship between landlords and tenants in two areas, Gunma and Kyoto prefecture, in reference to tenant dispute tables, tenancy conciliation acceptance/result reports etc. I spent almost Grant-in-Aid for scientific research in this fiscal year for this survey.Thus, I understood that some formality of tenant dispute solution appears from about 1927 in cases of Kyoto. In this formality, landlords and tenants, by conciliation clause, previously designate some farmland for harvest survey and they decide degree of rent reduction according to rigid harvest quantity measured by engineers, in the presence of both sides. The harvest survey in the presence of both sides has existed as the community work from the Edo era for it itself. Ho … More wever, it is the characteristic in this era that such a survey procedure got legal executive force as a conciliation clause. It is thought that such a system was born at the top of opposition between landlords and tenants. Because, this clause has systematically eliminated the agreement between both sides.In comparison to Kyoto, in Gunma, there are few cases which have some clause of rent reduction procedure. And overwhelmingly many cases have clause of only once rent reduction or only once farmland return. I can find the exception in Nitta-gun Goudo village and Yamada-gun Morita village. Goudo village won the name as "a propertyless village" across the country. Tenant disputes were fought intensely in these 2 villages. Therefore, conciliation clause mostly have rent reduction procedure. But, when I see the contents of the procedure, many cases have "committee" which consists of landlords and tenants. They decide the degree of rent reduction in this committee. I cannot find in Gunma such cases as eliminate the opportunity of the agreement between both sides, though I can find such elimination in Kyoto. I can say that the clause about committee in Gunma appears as an extension of past "community decision". Less

本年度，为了根据研究实施计划，完善上年度收集的数据，我去了京都县档案馆2次，群马县档案馆3次。本调查的目的是根据租客纠纷表、租赁调解受理/结果报告等，研究群马县和京都县两个地区的房东与租客关系的变化。本年度的调查几乎花费了科学研究的补助金。因此，我了解到，京都的租客纠纷解决方式从1927年左右开始出现。在这种形式中，地主和佃户通过调解条款，事先指定一些农田进行收成调查，并在双方在场的情况下，根据工程师测量的硬性收成数量决定减租的程度。在双方在场的情况下进行的收获调查，从江户时代起就作为社区工作而存在。何 ...更多信息 然而，这种调查程序作为一种调解条款而具有法律的执行力，则是这一时代的特征。人们认为，这种制度是在地主和佃户之间的对立中诞生的。因为这一条款系统性地消除了双方的协议。与京都相比，群马市很少有规定减租程序的条款。而且绝大多数案例都有只减租一次或只退耕一次的条款。我可以在新田郡的高堂村和山田郡的森田村找到例外。古多村在全国赢得了“无产村”的美誉。在这两个村庄，租户纠纷激烈。因此，调解条款大多带有减租程序。但是，当我看到程序的内容，许多情况下有“委员会”，其中包括业主和租户。他们在这个委员会中决定减租的幅度.我在群马找不到消除双方达成协议的机会的情况，虽然我在京都找到了这种消除。我可以说，群马委员会的条款似乎是过去“社区决定”的延伸。少