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Formation of Public Sphere in East Asia

东亚公共领域的形成

基本信息

批准号：
12620076
负责人：
MITANI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12620076/
关键词：
Pablic Sphere Democracy Habermas East Asia China Korea Japan Vietnam 公論公議民主化デモクラシー公儀世論

项目摘要

The aim of this project was to search for the possibility of democracy in East Asia. We organized a multi-national research group, consisted of the Japanese, the Koreans, the Chinese and the Americans, to carry out comparative study of the histories of Japan, Korea, China and Vietnam at the turn of the 20th century.We held seven workshops and one open symposium in three years. During our discussions, we got some view points for achieving liberal democracy in non-Western countries. One is that we cannot import a complete set of liberal democracy where little tradition of liberalism had existed. Thus, we had better not to use the terms like 'democracy' or 'human rights.' Instead, we had better analyze the aspects of democracy , search for the traditions that had enabled 'open and public discussion' in each society, and tactically combine them with each other in the course of political life.We found that the custom formation of 'public discussion' and the media that supported it were more important than the introduction of political ideologies or institutions. We investigated the aspects of its process as follows : the custom of decision making in the government, the custom of decision making in private sector, the change of communication between the government and the private sector, the emergence of 'public space' that enables the criticism of the government by the private , the role of mass media in its process, the process that words gain supremacy over violence, and the process that enables the losers to come back in political life.We hope that people who are eager to establish democracy in non-Western world will pay sincere attention to our insights and further develop them.

该项目的目的是寻找东亚民主的可能性。我们组织了由日本人、韩国人、中国人、美国人组成的多国研究小组，对20世纪初日本、韩国、中国、越南的历史进行比较研究。三年内举办了七次研讨会和一次公开研讨会。在讨论中，我们得到了一些关于在非西方国家实现自由民主的观点。一是我们不能在几乎不存在自由主义传统的地方引进一套完整的自由民主制度。因此，我们最好不要使用“民主”、“人权”等术语。相反，我们更好地分析民主的各个方面，寻找每个社会中能够实现“公开和公开讨论”的传统，并在政治生活过程中将它们巧妙地结合起来。我们发现，“公开讨论”的习惯形成和支持它的媒体比政治意识形态或制度的引入更为重要。我们考察了其过程的几个方面：政府的决策习惯、私营部门的决策习惯、政府与私营部门沟通方式的变化、私人批评政府的“公共空间”的出现、大众媒体在其过程中的作用、言语战胜暴力的过程、让失败者在政治生活中卷土重来的过程。非西方世界将真诚关注我们的见解并进一步发展它们。