An Empirical Analysis on the Joint Choice of Marriage, Childbirth, and Labor Force Participation of Women from Panel Data in Four Countries

四国面板数据对女性婚姻、生育和劳动力参与联合选择的实证分析

• 批准号: 12630025
• 负责人: UEDA Atsuko
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: Waseda University (2001-2002)University of Tsukuba (2000)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12630025/
• 关键词: panel data; fewer childbirth; female labor supply; fertility; marriage

This project has aimed to analyze women's choice of marriage, childbearing, and labor force participation, using micro data from Japan, Korea, Russia, and Jamaica. Analysis results of Japan and Korea are as follows.(A)According to a discrete choice model, (1)better education leads later marriage, fewer childbirth, and more labor force participation, (2)age affects marriage, 'and husband's earnings and the existence of children affect labor supply in Korea, and (3)higher income of the husband leads having more children in Korea, while better education of the husband leads fewer children in Japan.(B)According to a dynamic discrete decision model of life-cycle, (1)negative effects of labor supply on utility are smaller for better educated women, (2)probabilities to find full-time position are 18% for the university educated, and 13% for others, (3)an effect of marriage on utility is significantly negative, and (4)infants ages 0-2 are costly, and the second or subsequent children benefit while the first child is costly when working full-time in Japan. In comparison of married women in Japan and Korea, (1)low-wage work is costly while high-wage work is less costly both in Japan and Korea, and (2)first and second children benefit while the third child benefits less in Japan and even is costly in Korea. Having boys benefits much in Korea.

本研究利用日本、韩国、俄罗斯、牙买加等国的微观数据，分析女性在结婚、生育、劳动参与等方面的选择。日本和韩国的分析结果如下。（A）根据离散选择模型，（1）教育程度越高，结婚越晚，生育率越低，劳动参与率越高;（2）年龄影响婚姻，丈夫的收入和有无子女影响韩国的劳动供给;（3）在韩国，丈夫的收入越高，子女越多;在日本，丈夫的教育程度越高，子女越少。（B）根据生命周期的动态离散决策模型，（1）劳动力供给对效用的负面影响对于受教育程度较高的女性较小，（2）找到全职工作的概率对于大学教育的女性为18%，对于其他女性为13%，（3）婚姻对效用的影响显著为负，（4）0-2岁的婴儿是昂贵的。第二个或以后的孩子受益，而第一个孩子在日本全职工作时费用昂贵。比较日本和韩国的已婚妇女，（1）在日本和韩国，低工资工作的成本较高，而高工资工作的成本较低，（2）在日本，第一个和第二个孩子受益，而第三个孩子受益较少，甚至在韩国成本较高。在韩国生男孩好处多多。