Venetian salt production, salt commerce and merchant group in the 8th-10th centuries

盐是区域间贸易的重要组成部分，甚至在西欧中世纪社会中也是如此。在西欧的海盐中，中世纪的威尼斯人一直被认为是意大利北部最重要的海盐生产地。但由于威尼斯泻湖海盐生产系统的不稳定性，威尼斯很难保持食盐生产的主导地位。从公元前9世纪末到公元10世纪上半叶，位于波河三角洲的科马奇奥是威尼斯的竞争对手。在932遭到威尼斯的最后一击后，科马奇奥失去了在海盐生产中心的地位。科马奇奥倒闭后，在拉文纳大主教的庇护下，Cervia开始主导这一地区的海盐生产。这一地区的盐业，由拉文纳大主教强制实行，已成为当局的一个很好的收入来源。相反，在中世纪早期的意大利，海盐贸易不征收任何形式的税。对于大修道院来说，重要的是依靠来自科马奇奥和威尼斯的商人的活动来获得盐的流通，这一点我们可以在修道院的多型式中找到概念。在公元前13年，威尼斯一直与拉文纳大主教发生冲突，垄断该地区的盐业，而不是食盐生产，而是该地区的盐商，特别是帕达纳地区(波河地区)。最后，威尼斯可能会主导熊猫地区的盐业，还可以控制达尔马提亚的海盐贸易。

Salt is one of the most important marchandises of inter-regional commerce, even in the Medieval society of Western Europe.On the sea salt of Western Europe, in the Middle Ages, Venetian has been regarded as the most vital place for the sea salt production in the North Italy. But because of the instability of the sea salt productive system on the lagoon of Venezia, it was very difficult for Venezia to keep the primacy of the salt production. From the end of the 9th c. to the former half of the 10th c., Comacchio, located at the delta of the Po River, was the rival of Venezia. And after final attack by Venezia at 932, Comacchio had lost its position in the sea salt productive center. After a collapse of Comacchio, Cervia has begun to dominate sea salt production in this area under the patronage of Archbishop of Ravenna. Salt commerce in this area, imposed datium by Archbishop of Ravenna, has become a good source of income for an authority. In the early Medieval Italy on the contrary, sea salt commerce was free of any kind of tax imposition. For big monasteries, it was important to gain the circulation of salt depended on the activity of merchants from Comacchio and Venezia, which we can look for notions in the polyptychs of monasteries.During the 13th c., Venezia has been in conflict with Archbishop of Ravenna to monopolize, not the salt production but the salt commerce in the area, especially, Padana region (region of the Po River). Finally, Venezia could dominate salt commerce in the Panda region, keeping also a dalmatian sea salt commerce under control.