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Venetian salt production, salt commerce and merchant group in the 8th-10th centuries

8-10世纪威尼斯盐生产、盐商业和商人集团

基本信息

批准号：
12630085
负责人：
KIDO Teruko
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Oita University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12630085/
关键词：
Comacchio Chioggia Cervia Archbishop of Ravenna datium polyptych 塩田ラグーナコンソルツィドージェ

项目摘要

Salt is one of the most important marchandises of inter-regional commerce, even in the Medieval society of Western Europe.On the sea salt of Western Europe, in the Middle Ages, Venetian has been regarded as the most vital place for the sea salt production in the North Italy. But because of the instability of the sea salt productive system on the lagoon of Venezia, it was very difficult for Venezia to keep the primacy of the salt production. From the end of the 9th c. to the former half of the 10th c., Comacchio, located at the delta of the Po River, was the rival of Venezia. And after final attack by Venezia at 932, Comacchio had lost its position in the sea salt productive center. After a collapse of Comacchio, Cervia has begun to dominate sea salt production in this area under the patronage of Archbishop of Ravenna. Salt commerce in this area, imposed datium by Archbishop of Ravenna, has become a good source of income for an authority. In the early Medieval Italy on the contrary, sea salt commerce was free of any kind of tax imposition. For big monasteries, it was important to gain the circulation of salt depended on the activity of merchants from Comacchio and Venezia, which we can look for notions in the polyptychs of monasteries.During the 13th c., Venezia has been in conflict with Archbishop of Ravenna to monopolize, not the salt production but the salt commerce in the area, especially, Padana region (region of the Po River). Finally, Venezia could dominate salt commerce in the Panda region, keeping also a dalmatian sea salt commerce under control.

盐是地区间贸易中最重要的商品之一，即使在西欧中世纪社会也是如此，在西欧海盐方面，中世纪威尼斯一直被认为是意大利北部海盐生产最重要的地方。但由于威尼斯泻湖海盐生产系统的不稳定性，威尼斯很难保持其盐生产的主导地位。从第九世纪末开始。到10世纪前半期，位于波河三角洲的科马基奥是威尼斯的对手。932年，威尼斯发动最后一次进攻，科马基奥失去了海盐生产中心的地位。在科马基奥崩溃后，塞尔维亚在拉文纳大主教的赞助下开始主导该地区的海盐生产。这一地区的盐贸易是由拉文纳大主教强加的，已经成为一个权威的良好收入来源。相反，在中世纪早期的意大利，海盐贸易是免费的。对于大修道院来说，重要的是要获得盐的流通，这取决于来自科马基奥和威尼斯的商人的活动，我们可以在修道院的多联画中寻找概念。威尼斯一直与拉文纳大主教发生冲突，以垄断该地区的盐生产，但盐贸易，特别是帕达纳地区（波河地区）。最后，威尼斯可以控制熊猫地区的盐贸易，同时控制达尔马提亚的海盐贸易。