RECONSTRUCTION OF HEXAPOD PHYLOGENY BASED ON THE EVOLUTIONARY TRANSITION OF EMBRYONIC MEMBRANES: EMBRYOLOGICAL STUDY ON DIPLURA

基于胚膜进化转变的六足动物系统发育重建：Diplura 的胚胎学研究

• 批准号: 12640674
• 负责人: MACHIDA Ryuichiro
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12640674/
• 关键词: INSECTA; CRUSTACEA; MYRIAPODA; DIPLURA; EMBRYONIC MEMBRANE; BLASTODERM CUTICLE; COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY; SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY; 卵膜クチクラ

One of the most controversial problems in hexapod phylogeny concerns the Diplura. In this research project, I extend a phylogenetic discussion involving Diplura, in the light of the scheme 'the evolutionary changes of embryonic membranes and the specialization between the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in hexapods and allied arthropods' that I have developed and demonstrated.I critically examined the dipluran embryogenesis with special reference to the development of embryonic membranes and related phenomena. The following results were deduced : 1) the cuticular egg envelope of Diplura is derived both from the embryo proper and serosa, to be categorized in the blastoderm cuticle ; 2) a homologue of the amnion, which has been regarded as an embryological autapomorphy of Ectognatha, develops in Diplura ; and 3) any structures comparable to the amnioserosal fold are not formed, in spite of the production of amnion, in Diplura.These results obtained can be read, in the context of 't … More he evolutionary changes of embryonic membranes and the specialization between the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in hexapods and allied arthropods', as follows : 1) the production of blastoderm cuticle in Diplura is to be recognized as being plesiomorphic within hexapods ; 2) the production of amnion can be designated as a synapomorphy of Diplura and Ectognatha ; and 3) it is not the production of amnion but the formation of amnioserosal folds as well as the linkage of amniotic production to the formation of fold, that should be nominated as the autapomorphy of Ectognatha, were precisely Dicondylia. Consequently, proposed is a phylogeny formulated as : Hexapoda = Collembola + (Diplura + Ectognatha (= Archaeognatha + Dicondylia (= Zygentoma + Pterygota))). This requires a substantial revision to the currently accepted hexapod phylogeny formulated as : Hexapoda = Entognatha (= Collembola + Diplura) + Ectognatha (= Archaeognatha + Dicondylia (= Zygentoma + Pterygota)), rejecting a monophyletic status of Entognatha. It is verified as well that the scheme I have argued concerning 'the evolutionary changes of embryonic membranes and the specialization between the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in hexapods and allied arthropods' does not need to be revised, even if either Crustacea or Myriapoda showing the sister relationship to Hexapoda. Less

One of the most controversial problems in hexapod phylogeny concerns the Diplura.在这个研究项目中，我根据我开发和论证的“胚胎膜的进化变化以及六足动物和近缘节肢动物胚胎固有膜和胚胎膜之间的特化”方案，扩展了涉及双普拉亚的系统发育讨论。我批判性地研究了双普拉亚的胚胎发生，特别提到胚胎膜的发育和相关现象。得出以下结果： 1) Diplura 的角质层卵膜既来源于胚胎本身，又来源于浆膜，属于胚盘角质层； 2) a homologue of the amnion, which has been regarded as an embryological autapomorphy of Ectognatha, develops in Diplura ; 3）尽管在 Diplura 中产生了羊膜，但没有形成任何与羊膜皱襞相当的结构。获得的这些结果可以在“胚胎膜的进化变化以及六足动物和相关节肢动物中胚胎固有膜和胚胎膜之间的特化”的背景下阅读，如下：1）胚盘角质层的产生 Diplura is to be recognized as being plesiomorphic within hexapods ; 2) the production of amnion can be designated as a synapomorphy of Diplura and Ectognatha ; 3）不是羊膜的产生，而是羊膜浆膜皱襞的形成，以及羊膜的产生与皱襞形成的联系，应该被命名为外颌动物的自体形，正是双髁。因此，提出的系统发育学公式为：六足动物 = 弹尾动物 + (Diplura + Ectognatha (= 古颌动物 + Dicondylia (= Zygentoma + Pterygota)))。这需要对目前公认的六足动物系统发育进行重大修改，公式为：六足动物=内颌动物（=跳虫+双翼）+外颌动物（=古颌动物+双髁（=合子瘤+翼状体）），拒绝内颌动物的单系状态。事实也证明，我所论证的关于“胚胎膜的进化变化以及六足动物和近缘节肢动物的胚胎本身和胚胎膜之间的特化”的方案不需要修改，即使甲壳纲或多足纲与六足纲表现出姐妹关系。较少的

项目成果

Y. IKEDA, R. MACHIDA: "EMBRYOGENESIS OF THE DIPLURAN LEPIDOCAMPA WEBERI OUDEMANS (HEXAPODA : DIPLURA, CAMPODEIDAE) : FORMATION OF DORSAL ORGAN AND RELATED PHENOMENA"JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY. Vol. 249. 242-251 (2001)

Y. IKEDA, R. MACHIDA：“DIPLURAN LEPIDOCAMPA WEBERI OUDEMANS（六足动物：DIPLURA，CAMPODEIDAE）的胚胎发生：背部器官的形成和相关现象”形态学杂志。

R. MACHIDA, Y. IKEDA, K. TOJO: "EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES IN DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIALS OF THE EMBRYO PROPER AND EMBRYONIC MEMBRANES IN HEXAPODA : A SYNTHESIS REVISED"PROCEEDINGS OF ARTHROPODAN EMBRYOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN. VOL. 37,(IN PRESS). (2002)

R. MACHIDA、Y. IKEDA、K. Tojo：“六足动物胚胎本体和胚胎膜发育潜力的进化变化：综合修订版”日本节肢动物胚胎学会会刊。

Y.Ikeda, R.Mahcida: "Embryogenesis of the dipluran Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans(Hexapoda:Diplura,Campodeidae):Formation of dorsal organ and related phenomena"Journal of Morphology. 249. 242-251 (2001)

Y.Ikeda，R.Mahcida：“双普拉亚纲 Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans（六足纲：Diplura，Campodeidae）的胚胎发生：背器官的形成及相关现象”形态学杂志。

T.Ikeda, R.Mahcida: "Embryogenesis of the dipluran Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans (Hexapoda: Diplura, Caimpodeidae); Formation of dorsal organ and related Phenomena"Journal of Morphology. 249. 242-251 (2001)

T.Ikeda，R.Mahcida：“双普拉亚纲 Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans（六足纲：Diplura，Caimpodeidae）的胚胎发生；背侧器官的形成及相关现象”形态学杂志。

R.Machida, et al.: "Evolutionary changes in developmental potentials of the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in Hexapoda: A synthesis of the revised"Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan. 37(印刷中). (2002)

R. Machida 等人：“六足动物胚胎固有层和胚胎膜发育潜力的进化变化：修订版的综合”日本节肢动物胚胎学学会论文集 37（出版中）。