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Evolutionary changes of embryogenetic plans in major groups of euinsects

主要真昆虫类群胚胎发生计划的进化变化

基本信息

批准号：
08640881
负责人：
MACHIDA Ryuichiro
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this project, major groups of primitive hexapods of which embryological knowledge is requisite to the phylogenetical accounts but fragmental and insufficient, i. e., the Diplura, Ephemeroptera and Archaeognatha, are comparative embryologically examined, aiming at the deeper comprehension of hexapod ground plan and phylogeny in higher levels.Achievements produced in this project are as follows.1. Diplura1-1. The entognathy formation of Rhabdura closely resembles that of Dicellurata but significantly differs from that of Collembola. This strongly supports the monophyly of Diplura but requires a careful reexamination of monophyletic status of Entognatha.1-2.A second embryonic membrane or the amnion, which has been regarded as an autapomorphy of Ectognatha, is found to be produced in association with the formation of primary dorsal organ, also in Diplura. This may suggest the monophyly of the Diplura and Ectognatha, but reinforces doubts on the monophyletic status of Entognatha.2. Ephem … More eroptera2-1. The embryonic developmental process, of which our knowledge still remains fragmented, is described in detail, focusing on the metamerism. The caudal filament has been unconditionally recognized to be an elongation of eleventh abdominal tergum, but it is revealed that this structure represents the telson independent of the eleventh segment. This is the first reference to and identification of the telson in the entomology.2-2. The developmental process from the maturation to cleavage is described in detail, by aid of the semi-thin resin serial sections and time-lapse video system. An extensive and circuitous migration of male pronucleus is found to be involved in the fertilization. The primitiveness of Ephemeroptera may lend additional importance to this finding in the field of biology of the insect fertilization.3. Functional specialization between the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in the Hexapoda and Atelocerata3-1. Reviewed are the evolutionary changes of the embryo proper and embryonic membranes and the evolutionary transition of functional specialization between them in Atelocerata. It is shown that a deeper insight to the amnioserosal fold in Ectognatha can be given in context of the transition of functional specialization between the embryo proper and embryonic membranes. Less

在这个项目中，主要群体的原始六足动物的胚胎学知识是必要的，但碎片和不足的生殖帐户，即。例如，本项目对双尾目、蜉蝣目和古颚目三种昆虫的胚胎学进行了比较研究，旨在从更高层次上加深对六足类昆虫的平面分布和生殖发育的认识，取得了以下成果：1.双复数1 -1。杆尾纲的内颚结构与双细胞纲的内颚结构非常相似，但与弹尾纲的内颚结构明显不同。这有力地支持了双尾类的单系性，但需要重新仔细研究内颚类的单系性地位。1 - 2.第二种被认为是外颚类自形性的胚胎膜或羊膜的产生与初级背器官的形成有关，在双尾类中也是如此。这可能暗示了双尾目和外颚目的单系性，但加强了对内颚目单系地位的怀疑。埃菲姆 ...更多信息 eroptera2-1。胚胎发育过程中，我们的知识仍然是支离破碎的，详细描述，侧重于同色异谱。尾丝一直被无条件地认为是第十一腹背的延伸，但它被揭示，这一结构代表独立于第十一节的尾丝。这是在昆虫学中首次提到并鉴定了尾孢。利用半薄树脂连续切片和延时摄影系统，详细描述了从成熟到卵裂的发育过程。雄原核的广泛而迂回的迁移参与了受精过程。蜉蝣目昆虫的繁殖能力可能会在昆虫受精生物学领域为这一发现提供额外的重要性。在六足类和无角类的胚胎和胚胎膜之间的功能特化3 -1。本文综述了无角动物胚胎本体和胚胎膜的进化变化以及二者之间功能特化的进化转变。这表明，更深入的洞察，在Ectognatha中的Ectognatha中的Ectognatha褶皱，可以在胚胎和胚胎膜之间的功能专业化的过渡的背景下。少