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Genetic Structure of Hybrid Zones between Pinus pumila and P. pariflora var. pentaphylla.

普米拉松与小花松杂交带的遗传结构

基本信息

批准号：
12640679
负责人：
WATANO Yasuyuki
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Chiba University (2001)Kanazawa University (2000)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12640679/
关键词：
Pinus introgressive hybridization hybrid zone chloroplast DNA mitochondrial DNA nuclear DNA molecular hybrid index microsatellite mitochondrial DNA ハイマツキタゴヨウマイクロサテライト交雑帯浸透性交雑分子マーカー SSCP EST

项目摘要

Pinus pumila is a creeping shrub which dominates in alpine zone. Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla is a tall tree in sub-alpine to montane zones. Hybrid zones between the two species are observed mainly in mountains of Tohoku district, Japan. Pinus species exhibit a paternal cpDNA inheritance and a maternal mtDNA inheritance. Previous studies showed that paternal cpDNA flowed from P. parviflora to P. pumila, and in contrast maternal mtDNA from P. pumila to P. parviflora. In addition to diagnostic cpDNA and mtDNA markers, we developed multiple nuclear DNA markers in the present study. We carried out the screening of ESTP primers of Pinus taeda, and finally obtained ten diagnostic marker loci applicable to P. pumila and P. parviflora. Genetic structure of hybrid zones of Mt. Higasiazuma and Mts. Tanigawa were examined by molecular hybrid index. The hybrid index show the percentage of P. pumila marker alleles in the alleles examined. In Higasiazuma, the plants below the sub-alpine conifer forest composed of Abies and Tsuga (1800-1900 m) were genetically similar to P. parviflora, and the average of their hybrid index was 0.073. While, the hybrid index of the plants above the Abies-Tsuga forest were 0.949. This results suggest that the gene flow between the two species are effectively obstructed by the Abies-Tsuga forest. In Tanigawa lacking the sub-alpine conifer forest, hybrid index varied continuously from 0 to 1 according to the altitude of each individuals.We also developed microsatellite markers applicable to P. pumila and P. parviflora. We concentrated DNA fragments having microsatellites by magnetic beads. We determined the nucleotide sequences of about 300 clones, and found 86 unique clones having microsatellites.

白皮松（Pinus pumila）是高寒地区的一种匍匐灌木。小花松五叶树是亚高山到山地地带的高大树木。两种的杂交带主要分布在日本东北地区的山区。松属物种表现出父系cpDNA遗传和母系mtDNA遗传。以往的研究表明，父本的cpDNA从小花毕赤酵母流向小毕赤酵母，而母本的mtDNA则从小毕赤酵母流向小花毕赤酵母。除了诊断性的叶绿体DNA和线粒体DNA标记外，本研究还开发了多个核DNA标记。对火炬松的ESTP引物进行了筛选，最终获得了10个适用于白松和小花松的诊断标记位点。山杂带的成因结构。东和山用分子杂交指数法对谷川杂种进行了检测。杂种指数表示检测的等位基因中标记等位基因的百分比。东泽亚高山冷杉和铁杉组成的针叶林下（海拔1800-1900 m）的植物与小花云杉遗传相似，杂种指数平均为0.073。冷杉-铁杉林以上植物的杂种指数为0.949。这一结果表明，冷杉-铁杉林有效地阻碍了两个物种之间的基因流。在缺乏亚高山针叶林的谷川地区，杂交指数随海拔高度的不同而在0 ~ 1之间连续变化。我们用磁珠富集了含有微卫星的DNA片段。我们测定了约300个克隆的核苷酸序列，发现86个具有微卫星的独特克隆。