An Empirical Study of Virtual Reality Sickness based on Self-motion Perception

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In recent Virtual Reality (VR) systems, various practical applications have been expected in many fields such as medicine, rehabilitation and education. Therefore, enough considerationn of human factors are needed to construct the safe and comfortable VR systems. However, there is seldom a VR system that sufficiently considered the human factors actually. A guideline for the safe VR systems to prevent human from undesirable reactions such as motion sickness is desired. So we carried out a research project how to prevent or reduce VR sickness in virtual environments. First, we developed an integrated VR stimulation system that could control and display visual, acoustic and vestibular stimuli simultaneously, and then a monitoring system of human body reactions. Secondly, using these systems, we examined whether visually induced self-motion perception (vection) that was possible to relate the VR sickness could control or not by a different kind of sensory stimulation such as an acoustic or vestibular stimulus. From our experimental results, it was ascertained that the acoustic and vestibular stimulus was effective to reduce the vection. In addition, we examined influence on human body concerning temporal and spatial gaps between a real and a virtual word under Mixed Reality using a video see-through MHD. From our experimental results, it was ascertained that manipulation efficiency in using a 3D-HMD was better than a 2D-HMD although the efficiency strongly depended on time delay. Side results except the above-mentioned studies were 1) influence on human visual system by using a HMD for a long time, 2) effects of optokinetic stimulations produced from a wide view HMD on standing balance, 3) effects of a fixation target on torsional optokinetic nystagmus, 4) visual system associated with falls in the elderly, and 5) development of a hearing aid system using both a see-through HMD and an automatic speech recognition system.