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Preparation of Inorganic/Organic Composite by Sol-Gel Process in the Presence of Polymer-Grafted Ultrafine Inorganic Particles and Its Solvent-Sensing Properties

聚合物接枝超细无机颗粒溶胶-凝胶法制备无机/有机复合材料及其溶剂传感性能

基本信息

批准号：
12650712
负责人：
FUJIKI Kazuhiro
金额：
$ 0.26万
依托单位：
Joetsu University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We examined the preparation of a novel inorganic/organic composite by sol-gel process in the presence of polymer-grafted inorganic ultrafine particles and the solvent-sensing properties of the composite in the various solvents. When sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane was carried out in the presence of poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-grafted, and poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-grafted carbon black, a deep black silica gel/carbon black composite in which carbon black particles were uniformly incorporated was obtained. The radical graft polymerizations of vinyl monomers onto the prepared composite surface was tried by use of radical initiators in the presence of the composite. During the polymerizations, part of the resultant vinyl polymers grafted onto the composite surface by the radical scavenging reaction of carbon black particles in the composite: the percentage of grafting was in the range of 3-8%. The solvent adsorption properties of the silica gel/carbon black composite varied with the solubility of grafted polymer chains on the carbon black surface and the composite surface toward the immersion solvent. In the case of the good solvent for both the grafted polymer chains of the carbon black surface and the composite surface, the silica gel/carbon black composite selectively adsorbed the solvent. Electric resistance of the polymer-grafted silica gel/carbon black composite was also very sensitive to the good solvent of the grafted polymer chains: the electric resistance drastically decreased in good solvent of both the grafted polymer chains of the carbon black surface and the composite surface, but it sparingly changed in poor solvent of the grafted polymer chains on both surfaces.

研究了聚合物接枝无机超细颗粒的溶胶-凝胶法制备一种新型无机/有机复合材料，并考察了该复合材料在不同溶剂中的溶剂敏感性能。将四乙氧基硅烷在接枝的聚（n -乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮）和接枝的聚（2-甲基-2-恶唑啉）炭黑存在下进行溶胶-凝胶反应，得到炭黑颗粒均匀掺入的深黑色硅胶/炭黑复合材料。在复合材料存在的情况下，用自由基引发剂对乙烯基单体进行了自由基接枝聚合反应。在聚合过程中，部分乙烯基聚合物通过复合材料中炭黑颗粒的自由基清除反应接枝到复合材料表面，接枝率在3-8%之间。硅胶/炭黑复合材料的溶剂吸附性能随接枝聚合物链在炭黑表面和复合材料表面对溶剂的溶解度的变化而变化。在炭黑表面和复合表面接枝聚合物链均有良好溶剂的情况下，硅胶/炭黑复合材料选择性吸附溶剂。聚合物接枝硅胶/炭黑复合材料的电阻对接枝聚合物链的良好溶剂也非常敏感：炭黑表面和复合材料表面的接枝聚合物链在良好溶剂中电阻均急剧下降，而在接枝聚合物链的不良溶剂中电阻变化不大。