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The influences of canopy structure on water cycle characteristics in deciduous broad-leaved stands in village forest

村落林落叶阔叶林冠层结构对水循环特征的影响

基本信息

批准号：
12660134
负责人：
HATTORI Shageaki
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Nagoya University, Associate
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660134/
关键词：
deciduous broad-leaved stand water cycle evapotranspiration rainfall interception leaf area index water balance water conservation runoff 放射収支熱収支蒸発散流域水収支樹冠構造解析里山

项目摘要

1. ObjectiveThe characteristics of water cycle in secondary deciduous broad-leaved stands was analyzed in experimental watersheds by measuring successively each hydrological process such as throughfall, stemflow, canopy intercept ion, evapotranspiration and runoff. At the same time, the influences of seasonal change of leaf bioroass on water cycle were investigated quantitatively through pursuing leaf area index and relative light intensity in the stand.2. Experimental watershed and MethodExperimental watershed with 1.47 ha is located on FORESTA HILLS in Toyota city, Aichi prefecture. Rainfall intercepted on canopy was estimated as the remainder between gross rainfall and rainfall inside the stand in each rainfall event, which was comprised of through fall and stemflow. Runoff was measured by gauging weir with V-shaped notch at the end of the watershed and water balance was made clear in annual base. The results are compared with those of other stands to analyze the characteristics of … More water cycle of the stand.3. Results(l) As LAI (leaf area index) of the stand fluctuated from 1.65 to 4. 31 according to the change of season, relative light intensity in the stand showed the seasonal variation in the range of 5 % to 60 %. (2)The ratio of rainfall interception distributed from 13.6 % to 24.8 % in leaved period, while from 10.5 % to 20. 9 % in non-leaved period and decreased 4 % due to fallen leaves. The ratio of rainfall interception is smaller by 10 % comparing with evergreen coniferous stands in yearly base. (3) Annual water balance in 2001 showed runoff was 32.6 % and evapotranspiration was 67.4 %. The small percentage of runoff would be considered as the effect of small rainfall in the year of 2001. (4)As the percentage of rainfall interception to evapotranspiration was about 20 %, and the remainder 80 % would correspond to transpiration and evaporation from forest floor. It was assured that small rainfall interception and large transpiration including evaporation from floor might be the special feature in the deciduous broad-leaved stand. Less

1.通过对试验区次生落叶阔叶林的穿透水、树干茎流、林冠截留、蒸散和径流等水文过程的连续观测，分析了次生落叶阔叶林的水分循环特征。同时，通过对林分叶面积指数和相对光强的追踪，定量研究了林分叶生物量季节变化对水分循环的影响.实验流域和方法实验流域与1.47公顷位于FORESTA山在丰田市，爱知县。林冠截留的降雨量估计为每次降雨事件中总降雨量与林分内降雨量之间的剩余量，其中包括穿透降雨和树干茎流。在流域末端采用V型缺口量水堰测流，以年为基准进行水量平衡。并与其它林分的测定结果进行了比较，分析了 ...更多信息林分的水分循环。结果（1）林分叶面积指数（LAI）在1.65~4. 31从季节变化看，林分内相对光照强度在5%~60%范围内呈季节性变化。（2）降雨截留率在叶期分布在13.6%~24.8%之间，在叶期分布在10.5%~20.非叶期下降9%，落叶期下降4%。在年基上，林分的降雨截留率比常绿针叶林分小10%. (3)2001年水量平衡表明，径流量占32.6%，蒸散量占67.4%.认为2001年径流量小是由于降雨量小的影响。(4)As降雨截留量约占蒸散量的20%，其余80%来自林下蒸腾和蒸发。可以肯定的是，降雨截留量小，蒸腾量大，包括地面蒸发量可能是落叶阔叶林的特点。