The enzyme systems of trehalose metabolism on the fruit-body formation of Lentinula edodes

海藻糖是蘑菇菌丝体中主要的可溶性碳水化合物，是子实体生长的主要转运碳水化合物。据报道，这种糖是细胞质膜对干燥、冷冻和热胁迫的胁迫保护剂。但是，关于这些功能的详细信息并不为人所知。研究了香菇子实体发育过程中海藻糖水解酶（海藻糖酶和海藻糖磷酸化酶）活性的变化。从L.纯化并表征了香菇。胞外酶分子量为158kDa，胞内酶分子量为130kDa，由两个相同的亚基和糖分子组成。因此，从利用糙皮侧耳对海藻糖的代谢调节的研究表明，磷酸葡萄糖变位酶的活性受到海藻糖的调节。另一方面，研究了海藻糖对食用菌菌种的保鲜效果。食用菌如L.在添加海藻糖作为生长基质的情况下，香菇和糙皮侧耳的生长速率随着培养的增加而增加。在4℃、相对湿度低于20%的条件下，海藻糖培养基对菌丝生长和子实体形成的促进作用明显强于葡萄糖培养基。

Torehalose Is the major soluble carbohydrate in the mycelium, and is supported to function as the main translocate carbohydrate for the fruit-body growth in mushroom fungi. This sugar has been reported to be a stress protectant of cytoplasmic menbrances against dryness, freezing and heat stress. But, the detailed imformation sbout these functions is not well known. Then, we examined the changes of trehalose hydrolyzing enzyme activities (trehalase and trehalose phosphorylase during development of fruit-body of Lentinula edodes. Trehalases from the culture filtrate and mycelial extract of L. edodes were purified and characterized. Molecular masses were estimated to be 158kDa (extracellular enzyme) and 130kDa (intracellular enzyme).The enzymes were composed of two identical subunits and carbohydrate molecules. Therefore, it was shown that the activity of phosphoglucomutase was regulated by trehalose from the study on metabolic regulation of trehalose using Pleurotus ostreatus. On the other hand, the effect of trehalose on the preservation of spawn of mushroom fungi was examined. The survival rates of edible mushrooms such as L. edodes and P. ostreatus increased with culturing in trehalose addition as the growth substrate. The mycelia cultured in trehalose was much more effective than that of the glucose substrate for the mycelial growth and fruit-body formation after freeze treatment and less than 20% (RH) at 4℃.