Development of restoration and conservation technique for the disturbed island ecosystem in the Ryukyu Archipelago

讨论了琉球群岛海岛生态系统的动态和管理，并提出了修复的方法。与冲绳那霸亚热带研究所合作进行了关于珊瑚礁的研究，并提出了珊瑚礁管理的想法，强调仔细考虑珊瑚、产卵者和幼鱼的繁殖模式。幼鱼在不同的地区建立了当地的Deme，但产卵者在不同地点之间的基因交换预计会更频繁。微环境影响珊瑚受高温干扰后的存活率。潮间带和河流生态系统提供的有机物质等是潮滩底栖动物在红树林地区的重要食物，但河流系统携带的碎屑可能有很大的贡献。细菌群落是红树林生态系统中重要的食物来源，在冲绳，以红锥为主的常绿阔叶林与其他没有红树林的高峰林一起出现。针对物种多样性高、稀有物种出现率高、面积减少的森林受各种干扰的特点，对其恢复进行了探讨。发现了猫鼬和野猫的适宜栖息地，但人为干扰对它们的栖息地和行为产生了不同程度的影响，为海岛生态系统的管理和恢复提供了理论和科学依据，即维持高度的物种多样性和对未受干扰的生态系统进行选择性管理和保护尤为重要。

Dynamics and management of island ecosystem in the Ryukyu Archipelago which had been disturbed in various ways, e.g. inflow of huge amount of red day into shore ecosystems, were discussed and methods for its restoration were proposed. Research on coral reefs was conducted in cooperation with Research Institute for Subtropics in Naha, Okinawa and proposed an idea for the management of coral reef emphasizing the careful thought of reproductive modes of corals, spawners and brooders. Brooders established local demes in different areas, but gene exchange among sites was expected to be more frequent in spawners. Microenvironment affected the survival rates of corals after the disturbance by high temperature. Organic materials supplied from terretrial and river ecosystems, and so on are important for benthic animals on tidal flat as their foods in mangrove areas, but detritus carried from river system may contribute a lot. Bacterial flora developing on decomposing mangrove leaves is important food source in mangrove ecosystems.In Okinawa, evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by Castanopsis sieboldii occur together with other climax forest without C. sieboldii. Since various disturbance affected in the latter forest, which is characterized by high species diversity and occurrence of rare species, and its area decreased, its restoration was discussed. Suitable habitats were detected for mongooses and wild cats, but anthropogenic disturbance affected their habitat and behavior in various ways.Theoretical and scientific confirmation were obtained for the management and restoration of island ecosystems, i.e. maintenance of high species diversity and selective management and conservation for undisturbed ecosystems are especially important.