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Evaluation of function in Island and coral reef ecosystems with reference to the effect of human activities

结合人类活动的影响评估岛屿和珊瑚礁生态系统的功能

基本信息

批准号：
16201009
负责人：
TSUCHIYA Makoto
金额：
$ 29.79万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Integrated analyses including ecosystem function, animal ecology, forest ecology, environmental chemistry, geology, environmental economy, and environmental philosophy were conducted to evaluate the function of island and coral reef ecosystems in Okinawa. Food sources of benthic animals were identified using biomarkers of fatty acid profiles of tissue, which accumulated characteristic sources in a habitat affected by human activities.Habitat change and direct effects by human activities negatively affected the ecology and population trend of felid species, Iriomote cat. On the other hand, the Ryukyu flying-fox could extend their distribution by utilizing the urbanized environments.A subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest in the northern part of Okinawa Island consisted of four architectural layers. The lower layers contained many species of smaller height High species diversity of the forest depended on the small trees in the lower layers. Therefore, it may be concluded that the conservation of the small trees in the lower layers, especially the bottom layer, is indispensable to maintain the high diversity of Okinawan evergreen broadleaf forests.When a huge amount of red soil flows into the river water and seawater, pH of the solutions decreases, Al dissolves from the red soil and concentrations of Na, K, Ca and Mg decrease in the solutions and other chemical characteristics in the system were clarified.Economic value of coral reef as natural breakwaters was estimated to be about \83,270,000,000 per year by Replacement Cost Method. A fact-finding research on some site for marine recreation showed that people who engage in marine leisure activities and tourists coming to Okinawa to join these recreations are highly oriented to environmental conservation, and they are willing to pay for protection of coral reefs. Also, geological aspects and philosophical aspects were useful for the discussion on the effect of human activities on coral reef and island ecosystems.

从生态系统功能、动物生态学、森林生态学、环境化学、地质学、环境经济学、环境哲学等方面对冲绳岛屿和珊瑚礁生态系统的功能进行了综合评价。利用组织脂肪酸谱生物标志物识别底栖动物的食物来源，在人类活动影响的生境中积累特征性来源。生境变化和人类活动的直接影响对猫科动物西表猫的生态和种群趋势产生了负面影响。另一方面，琉球飞行-在冲绳北方的亚热带万年青阔叶林中，狐类的分布区由4个群落组成建筑层。低层植物高度较小，物种多样性较高，主要取决于低层的小乔木。当大量红壤流入河水和海水中时，溶液pH值降低，Al从红壤中溶出，Na、K、根据重置成本法，珊瑚礁作为天然防波堤的经济价值约为832.7亿日元/年。对一些海洋休闲场所的调查研究表明，从事海洋休闲活动的人和来冲绳参加这些休闲活动的游客高度重视环境保护，他们愿意为保护珊瑚礁付费。此外，地质方面和哲学方面的问题也有助于讨论人类活动对珊瑚礁和岛屿生态系统的影响。