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Effect of artificial disturbance on coral reef communities : A case study in the Gulf of Thailand

人工干扰对珊瑚礁群落的影响：泰国湾的案例研究

基本信息

批准号：
06041089
负责人：
TSUCHIYA Makoto
金额：
$ 10.18万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041089/
关键词：
The Gulf of Thailand Coral Reefs Anthropogenic Disturbance Coexistence Adaptation Biological Community Biogenic Active Substance 種間関係生物の共存

项目摘要

Community structure of the coral reefs in the innermost part of the Gulf of Thailand was analyzed and the results were compared with those collected by our previous expeditions in 1884 and 1987 in order to make clear the effect of anthropogenic disturbance. No marked changes were found in the structure of coral community on hard bottom, but several solitary coral species which had been very abundant on the soft bottom before were observed to disappear. A large number of dead oyster shells were seen around the area where accumulation of sandy particles was conspicuous on the lower intertidal. On a sandy beach, disappearance of the sandy particles was found. These phenomena seemed to be results of some human activities.River water brought huge amount of suspended materials and low salinity effect was also conspicuous. Coral reef communities were covered with <25 of salinity at low tides in the rainy season, while with normal sea water at high tides.Effect of low salinity sea water and suspended materials, of which sources were not only river water but also areas of the construction of a harbor etc.nearby, on biological activities such as filtration by suspension feeders and sediment removal by corals was quantitatively estimated.Toxic materials accumulated in sponges, tunicates or other invertebrates were analyzed in the areas affected by human activities and clear waters. Species composition of these species was different in these areas and effect of toxic materials on coral community structure was discussed.Low salinity water containing much suspension was considered to control the community and it was also speculated that increase of suspended materials and change in current pattern caused by some anthropogenic activities affected its structure.

本文对泰国湾最内层珊瑚礁的群落结构进行了分析，并与我们在1884年和1987年的考察结果进行了比较，以明确人为干扰的影响。硬底珊瑚群落结构未见明显变化，而软底以前非常丰富的一些独居珊瑚消失。在潮间带下游沙质颗粒堆积明显的区域周围发现了大量的死牡蛎壳。在一个沙滩上，发现沙粒消失了。这些现象似乎是某些人类活动的结果。河水带来了大量的悬浮物，低盐度效应也很明显。珊瑚礁群落在雨季退潮时盐度<25，而在涨潮时盐度为正常海水。定量估计了低盐度海水和悬浮物（其来源不仅是河水，还包括附近的港口建设区域等）对悬浮物的过滤和珊瑚的沉积物去除等生物活动的影响。在受人类活动影响的地区和清澈的海水中，对海绵、被囊动物或其他无脊椎动物体内积累的有毒物质进行了分析。并讨论了有毒物质对珊瑚群落结构的影响。考虑到含大量悬浮物的低盐度水对群落的控制作用，推测一些人为活动引起的悬浮物的增加和洋流格局的变化影响了群落的结构。