Empirical study of the funding and performance of academic research activities in Japan

日本学术研究活动的经费和绩效的实证研究

• 批准号: 12800006
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Shin'ichi
• 金额: $ 7.49万
• 依托单位: University of TSUKUBA
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Special Purposes
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12800006/
• 关键词: academic policy; Research enviroment; innovation system; multi-funding; イノベーションシステム; イノベーション・システム; 学術のグローバル化; 学際研究

This study project first discuss structure and dynamics of academic research activity. Based on the discussion, we have focused on the structural major trends toward the borderless academic research activities to design questionnaire. These trends are featured by 1. globalisation of academic research activities, 2. devoured to national innovation system, 3. collaboration to multi-disciplinary approach. Another important point is the comparability on some basic statistics of Japanese academic research activity with our former research results carried out in 1998 to design questionnaire.15518 samples of university professors and associate professors from University in Japan are chosen randomly and the questionnair package was sent. During the survey period of the march 2002, 2513 questionnairs were returned.Main findings from the analysis of this data are as follows ;1) Concentration of reserch funds ; About 60% of all research funds are distributed to only top 5% reserchers. On the othe … More r hand, the amount of research funds has increased about 30% in recent 3-years. The increasing trend is common to all deciles.2) Public sector centered multi funding ; With the increae in the amount of research grant from private sector and with the foundation of many governmental programs supporting academic research activities in addition to KAKENHI (Grants-in-aid for scientific research), multi-funding system has fulfilled in the past decade in Japan. These research funds are often granted to the same laboratory at one time, and the public program plays a central role in these aposteriori joint funding.3) Maintenance cost and lack of supporting staff ; In many cases, cost of maintenance of equipments essencial for research activities is not appropriate. Many professors are suffered from this situation and also from the lack of supporting staff.4) Borderless academic research activities ; The members of a research group are extended over other affiliations, academic disciplines private sector and research activities have become global. The higher the academic activity level is, the more borderless one's research activity is. Less

本研究首先探讨学术研究活动的结构与动力。在讨论的基础上，我们针对无边界学术研究活动的结构性主要趋势设计了调查问卷。这些趋势的特点是1。学术研究活动的全球化，2。国家创新体系建设，3。合作到多学科方法。另一个重要的一点是，日本学术研究活动的一些基本统计数据与我们以前的研究结果进行了比较，在1998年设计问卷。15518名样本的大学教授和副教授在日本大学随机抽样，并发送问卷包。在2002年3月的调查期内，共收回了2513份研究报告，通过对这些数据的分析，主要发现：1）研究资金的集中：大约60%的研究资金只分配给了前5%的研究者。另一方面， ...更多信息 另一方面，近3年来，科研经费增加了约30%。（2）以公共部门为中心的多元化资助;随着私人部门研究资助金额的增加，以及除了科学研究补助金（KAKENHI）之外，许多政府项目支持学术研究活动的建立，多元化资助体系在日本已经实现。这些研究基金往往是一次性授予同一个实验室，公共项目在这些事后联合资助中起着核心作用。3）维护成本和缺乏支持人员;在许多情况下，对研究活动必不可少的设备的维护成本是不合适的。4）无国界的学术研究活动;一个研究小组的成员扩展到其他附属机构、学科私营部门和研究活动已经成为全球性的。学术活动层次越高，研究活动越无边界。少