Comprehensive research on the ego-structure of delinquents

犯罪分子自我结构综合研究

• 批准号: 12837005
• 负责人: AKOH Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Showa Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12837005/
• 关键词: delinquent boys; the ego-structure; ego-function; person perception; justification of violence; empathy; other consciousness; deviant behavior; 攻撃性; 自我構造・機能

(1) Cognition of facial expressionThe purpose of this experiment is to explore the ego-structure of delinquents from the viewpoint of person perception. After the pictures of various facial expressions were shown, delinquents and students were required to judge the types of emotions represented in each picture. The main finding was that delinquents who had more incorrect cognition than other delinquents not only had lower I.Q. and intolerant personality traits, but also serious psychological or interpersonal problems in their background such as lack of attachment and stable interactions with family members, or being bullied and isolated at school. Results suggest that these factors are positively related to incorrect person perception.(2) Social aspects of the ego-functionWe analyzed the relationship between behavior and psychological traits among delinquents and high school students. Behavioral traits consist of experience of deviant behavior, experience of nuisance, and experience of … More prosocial behavior. Psychological traits consist of cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, justification of violence, and respect for interpersonal relationship. The major findings were as follows, 1) Concerning deviant behavior experience, pro-violence tendency caused by resignation of existing situation accelerates deviant behavior among delinquent boys. In case of schoolboys group, cognitive empathy inhibits their deviant behavior. 2) Those who have committed annoyance to others, in both delinquents and students, show high propensity to rationalize violence and favor violent means because of their distrust of the adults or despair of current status. 3) The delinquents seem to be difficult to extend their empathy and compassion to peers toward the general public. They have experienced pro-social behavior more frequently than students according to their self-report, however their cognitive empathy does not evolve their prosocial behavior, in contrast to the case of students. The affirmation of force derived from nihilistic thinking disturbs their pro- social behavior.(3) Integrative study on the relationship between social aspect of cognition of facial expressions and ego-functionThe stronger affirmative attitude for violence led by nihilistic thought, the more enlarged disparity appeared in the cognition of facial expression in the delinquents. Furthermore, the results of delinquent girls indicate that pro-violent tendency led by distrust toward adults relate with deviate response of facial expressions, as well as their narrow-mindedness. Those facts suggest that their perspective itself deviates. There is no clear relationship between cognition of facial expression and empathy, however those who show extreme high emotional empathy display great discrepancy in cognition offacial expressions. Less

(1)本实验的目的是从人知觉的角度来探讨不良儿童的自我结构。在展示了各种面部表情的图片后，不良少年和学生被要求判断每张图片中所代表的情绪类型。主要的发现是，与其他少年犯相比，有更多错误认知的少年犯不仅智商较低，他们不仅有不宽容的性格特征，而且有严重的心理或人际关系问题，如缺乏依恋和与家庭成员的稳定互动，或在学校受到欺凌和孤立。结果表明，这些因素是正相关的不正确的人的看法。(2)自我功能的社会方面我们分析了犯罪者和高中生的行为和心理特征之间的关系。行为特征包括异常行为的经验、滋扰的经验和 ...更多信息 亲社会行为心理特质包括认知共情、情感共情、暴力正当化和尊重人际关系。主要研究结果如下：（1）在偏差行为体验方面，由顺从现状而产生的亲暴力倾向加速了犯罪男孩的偏差行为。在男生群体中，认知共情抑制了他们的偏差行为。2)那些对他人犯下烦恼的人，无论是少年犯还是学生，都表现出高度的暴力合理化倾向，并倾向于暴力手段，因为他们对成年人的不信任或对现状的绝望。3)犯罪者似乎很难将他们的同情心和同情心扩展到同龄人和普通大众。根据他们的自我报告，他们比学生更频繁地经历亲社会行为，但他们的认知移情并没有发展他们的亲社会行为，与学生的情况相反。虚无主义思维对力量的肯定扰乱了他们的亲社会行为。(3)面部表情认知的社会层面与自我功能关系的整合研究虚无主义思想导致的对暴力的肯定态度越强，犯罪者面部表情认知的差异就越大。此外，对犯罪女孩的研究结果表明，对成年人的不信任导致的亲暴力倾向与面部表情的偏离反应以及他们的狭隘性有关。这些事实表明，他们的观点本身就有偏差。面孔表情认知与共情之间没有明显的关系，但情绪共情水平极高的个体在面孔表情认知上存在显著差异。少

项目成果

"Study of the ego-structure of delinquents : Structure of pro-social behavior and other related factors"The Japanese Journal of Criminal Psychology. Vol.40. 46-47 (2002)

“罪犯自我结构的研究：亲社会行为的结构和其他相关因素”日本犯罪心理学杂志。

"Study of the ego-structure of delinquents : Inquiry into linkages between experiment data and survey data"The Japanese Journal of Criminal Psychology. Vol.40. 56-57 (2002)

“罪犯自我结构的研究：实验数据与调查数据之间联系的探究”日本犯罪心理学杂志。

清水裕, 田中純夫, 田中奈緒子, 馬場誉史亞, 大川力: "非行少年の自我構造に関する研究V-向社会的行動の構造と関連要因-"犯罪心理学研究. 40巻. 46-47 (2002)

清水裕、田中纯男、田中直子、马场义明、大川力：“青少年犯罪者的自我结构研究V-亲社会行为的结构及其相关因素-”犯罪心理学研究40。46-47。

藤田宗和, 門本泉, 安香宏: "非行少年の自我構造に関する研究VIII-各種属性による表情認知の特徴について-"犯罪心理学研究. 40巻. 52-53 (2002)

藤田宗和、门本泉、安卡宏：“青少年犯罪者的自我结构研究VIII——根据各种属性的面部表情识别特征——”犯罪心理学研究40。52-53（2002）。

"Study of the ego-structure of delinquents : Relationship between behavioral and psychological traits"The Japanese Journal of Criminal Psychology. Vol.40. 48-49 (2002)

“罪犯自我结构的研究：行为与心理特征之间的关系”日本犯罪心理学杂志。