Functional roles of macrophage populations appearing in the renal fibrosis

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Macrophagss show heterogeneous functions, consisting of three major types such as exudate macrophages, resident macrophages (histiocytes), and antigen-presenting dendritic cells. This study investigated the properties and participation of macrophage populations in the renal fibrosis.1. Properties of macrophages appearing in chronic renal fibrosis: In the chronic renal fibrosis, that had been induced by repeated injections of cisplatin with nephrotoxicity, exudate and resident macrophages increased at the early stages, and then decreased at the late stages. On the other hand, dendritic cells appeared in greater number at both early and late stages. Because lymphocytes were often present in the late stagss, MHC class II-expressing dendritic cells may be related to induction of lymphocytes.2. Effects of taurine on rat renal fibrosis model: In cisplatin-induced rat renal fibrosis, that had been treated with taurine with antioxidant properties, macrophage numbers were decreased, resulting in reduced fibrosis.3. Characteristics of macrophage populations in thioacetoamide (TAA)-induced rat hepatic fibrosis: In order to compare with macrophagss in renal fibrosis, we investigated lesions of TAA- induced renal fibrosis, with special reference to macrophage populations. In hepatic fibrosis, exudate and resident macrophages, and dendritic cells were present, but there were differences in time points of appearance and distribution between these macrophage populations. In contrast to renal fibrosis, Kupffer cells seemed to play an important role in hepatic fibrosis, and lymphocytes were smaller in number, even though MHC class II-expressing dendritic cells were increased.4. Establishment of in vitro cell model for renal fibrosis: We attempted to establish a cell line (KB-D8) from rat thymus-derived dendritic cell sarcoma. KB-D8 might be useful for studies on dendritic cell nature relating to renal fibrosis.