Development of a Novel and Reliable Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Vasospasm in Rats

建立了一种新的大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型，并观察到可重复性诱导的脑血管痉挛。蛛网膜下腔出血后脑动脉痉挛的特点是发病延迟，持续时间延长，对常规药物治疗无效。在本模型中，动脉的形态变化不明显。血管内皮细胞损伤、内皮下增殖、平滑肌坏死等改变在临床标本和实验模型中已有描述，但对其真正意义尚无一致意见。在我们的痉挛模型中没有观察到局灶性神经功能障碍，尽管存在严重的动脉收缩，推测是由于侧支循环丰富所致。立体定向诱导出血技术非常简单，适合于进行大量实验，如在药物治疗试验中。虽然模型中慢性痉挛的持续时间很短，通常在第二天达到最大值，但痉挛的强度很严重，可以可靠地再现血栓(血红蛋白)-动脉(平滑肌)相互作用的现象。

A novel rat SAH model was devised and reproducible induction CVS was observed. The temporal profile of delayed onset and prolonged duration, as well as its refractoriness to conventional pharmacological treatments are the hallmarks of cerebral arterial spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Morphological changes of the artery was not evident in our model. Changes such as damages of the endothelium, subendothelial proliferation, necrosis of the smooth muscle have been described in clinical specimens and in the experimental models, but there is no unanimous agreement on their true significance. Focal neurologic deficits are not observed in our spasm model despite severe arterial constriction, presumably due to abundance in the collateral circulation. The stereotactic technique for induction of hemorrahge is very simple and suitable for conducting a large number of experiments such as in therapeutics trial with pharmacological agents. Although duration of the chronic spasm in the model is short, typically reaching maximum on the second day, the intensity of the spasm is severe and the phenomenon of the clot (hemoglobin)-artery (smooth muscle) interaction is reliably reproduced.