Development of pedicled plastic bone flap using cultured osteogenic cells and its application for the reconstruction of mandibular bone defect

为各种疾病所致的下颌骨缺损建立理想的重建方法，对提高患者的生活质量具有重要意义。从这个角度来看，利用培养的成骨细胞进行重建的新方法应该被开发出来。在本研究中，我们试图建立一种新的方法，利用膜型生物材料和培养的成骨细胞构建带蒂塑料骨瓣修复骨缺损。1.为确定成骨细胞移植的最佳载体，考察了I型胶原、羟基磷灰石颗粒和含磷酸三钙磷灰石对人成骨细胞成骨的支持能力。本实验结果表明，三维I型胶原海绵是体外培养的成骨细胞移植的最佳载体。为阐明糖皮质激素对人成骨细胞成骨能力的影响，人成骨细胞…更多使用/不使用地塞米松的小鼠被移植到以I型胶原为载体的免疫缺陷SCID小鼠的皮下或肌肉内。本实验揭示了地塞米松在体内对人成骨细胞成骨能力的增强作用。提示糖皮质激素可能是带蒂骨瓣成骨的有力刺激因素。将地塞米松处理的小鼠成骨细胞与I型胶原和膜型生物材料一起移植到不同的动脉周围。组织学观察显示，37个含有成骨细胞的移植物中有32个形成了血管化的骨岛。成熟的移植骨由发育良好的板层皮质松质骨组成，其骨细胞来源于移植的成骨细胞。移植物最早在4周形成，并在108周时保持稳定。综上所述，这项研究表明，使用成骨细胞和膜型生物材料制作新型带蒂混合骨瓣的可能性

Establishment of ideal reconstruction method for mandibular bone defects resulting from various diseases is important to improved quality of life. From this point of view, novel reconstruction method using cultured osteogenic cells should be developed. In this study, we tried to establish new reconstruction method for bone defects using pedicled plastic bone flap with membrane-type biomaterial and cultured osteogenic cells. The result obtained from the present study is as follows:1. To decide on the best carrier for the transplantation of osteogenic cells, the capacity of type I collagen, hydroxyapatite granules and tricalcium phosphate-containing apatite to support the bone formation by human osteogenic cells was investigated. This experiment showed that three-dimensional type I collagen sponge was the best carrier for die transplantation of cultured osteogenic cells.2. To elucidate the effect of glucocorticoid on the bone forming capacity of human osteogenic cells, human osteoblasts … More treated with/without dexamathasone were subcutaneous or intramuscularly transplanted into immunodeficient SCID mice using type I collagen as a carrier. This experiment revealed that dexemethasone strongly enhanced the bone forming capacity of human osteoblasts in vivo. This suggested that glucocorticoid might be a potent stimulator for bone formation in pedicled bone flap.3. Mouse osteogenic cells treated with dexamethasone were transplanted around various arteries with type I collagen and membrane-type biomaterial. Histological observation of transplants showed that 32 of 37 osteogenic cells-containing transplants formed a vasucularized bone island. Mature transplants consisted of well-developed lamellar, corticocancellous bone whose osteocytes were derived from the grafted osteogenic cells. Transplants formed as early as 4 weeks and remained stable in size as late as 108 weeks.Taken together, this study suggested the possibility of novel pedicled hybrid bone flap using osteogenic cells and membrane-type biomaterial Less