Detection of vancomycin-resistant MRSA in oral cavity of dental patients

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) emerged in the 1980s as a major clinical and epidemiologic problem in hospitals. Very recently, emergence of vancomycin-resistance MRSA is reported around the world. In dental clinics, implantation is now popular method in order to treat patients with periodontal diseases. Such invasive treatments will increase the risk of infection by oral bacteria. In this project, the investigator study the distribution of vancomycin-resistant MRSA in oral cavity of dental patients.In the first year of this project, the investigator has established the PCR detection system for MRSA by using mecA, femA and IS431 probes. PCR analysis for mecA of isolated staphylococci will reveal whether the isolate is methicillin-resistant or not. Oral swab samples from healty dental patients were examined by using staphylococcus-selective Staphylococcus 110 agar plates. Most of them showed white colonies indicating that most of the isolates were coaglase-negative st … More aphylococci. Less than 1 % of the appeared colonies was the yellow-colony forming S. aureus. However, more than 7% of the coagulase-negative staphylococci were mecA-positive. These results suggested that whereas MRSA in oral cavity of healty human is negligible, a number of methicillin-resistant coaglase-negative staphylococci colonize in human oral cavity. Similar study was performed in oral cavity of physically handicapped dental patients. The percentage of mecA-positive staphylococci was significantly higher than that of healty dental patients. These results suggested that methicilin-resistant staphylococci colonize in oral cavity of handicapped persons. Taken together, the wide distribution of mecA-positive staphylococci may contribute the spread of antibiotics-resistance in many other oral and enteric bacteria.Since the investigator isolated less than 1 0 clones of MRSA from dental patients, no solid conclusion could obtained about the vancomycin-resistance. In these clones of MRSA, no vancomycin-resistant was found. Less