Peripheral visual reaction time in Japanese Sports players

在反应时(RT)增加的情况下，周边视觉反应时比中心视觉反应时长。足球运动员表现出比非运动员更短的反应时，这表明足球运动员在外围和中央视野中有更快的知觉反应。我们考察了练习对周边视野反应时间的影响，以验证对周边刺激的反应速度随着练习而提高的推测，表明周边视野的反应时间随着练习而减少。更有趣的是，练习对周边视野的反应时延伸到中心视野的反应时，反之亦然。本研究中观察到的迁移效应可能表明，随着练习的进行，反应时的减少是由于中枢和外周反应时任务共同的中枢神经系统加工时间的减少所致。当视觉刺激被随机呈现在包括中央和外围视野的大范围视野内时，注意力被定向到中间位置。这一发现可能表明，受试者有意识或无意识地采取将注意力定向到中间位置的策略，以便对大范围视野内出现的所有刺激做出尽可能快的反应。当工作负荷高于呼吸阈值(VT)时，周边视野的RT增加，而低于VT的运动期间和VT后即刻的RT实际上没有变化。对这些结果的一种可能的解释可能是，在力竭运动中大脑区域的短暂代谢失衡降低了对外周刺激的反应速度

Peripheral visual RT was longer than central visual RT given an increment in Reaction Time (RT). Soccer players showed shorter RTs than nonathletes, suggesting that soccer players have quicker perceptual response in peripheral and central visual fields. We examined the practice effect on RT for the peripheral visual field in order to verify the speculation that speed of response to a peripheral stimulus improves with practice, showing that the RT for the peripheral visual field decreases with practice. More interestingly, the practice effects on the RT for the peripheral visual field extended to RT for the central visual field, vice versa. The transfer effects observed in this study may suggest that the decrease in the RT with practice have resulted from a decrease in the central nervous system's processing time in common between central and peripheral RT tasks. Attention was oriented to intermediate locations when a visual stimulus was randomly presented within the large area of the visual field including central and peripheral visual fields. This finding may suggest that subjects, consciously or unconsciously, adopt the strategy to orient attention to intermediate location in order to respond as quickly as possible to all stimuli presented within the large area of the visual field. RT for the peripheral visual field increased at workload above the Ventilatory Threshold (VT), while there were practical no changes in the RT during exercise below and immediately after the VT. One possible explanation for these results may be that the transient metabolic imbalance in the brain regions during exhaustive exercise deteriorated the speed of response to a peripheral stimulus