Activated Carbon and/or Ozone Treatments by Endocrine Disruptors in Tap Water

有机副产品的回收利用引起了很大的兴趣。本文介绍了从有机副产物中制备碳质吸附剂的技术及其在去除内分泌干扰物中的应用。以棉籽壳为原料，在873 K下煅烧，然后在回转窑中用1 123 K水蒸汽活化不同时间，得到微孔炭。所得活性炭的比表面积与市售活性炭相当。当平衡浓度大于20 g/L时，高比表面积炭对4-壬基酚的吸附量较高。平均孔径小的炭在极低浓度（如1g/L）下的吸附量高。以棉籽壳为原料，采用空气活化一步法制备微孔炭。虽然碳的比表面积小，但孔径大小足以用于AD ...更多信息 在低浓度下吸附4-壬基酚。研究了4-壬基酚和双酚A在环糊精（CD's）溶液中的溶解度，以评价它们对水的污染。4-壬基酚和双酚A的相对水相浓度随CD浓度的增加而线性增加。由于0-CD的内核是最疏水的，因此添加3-CD（取代度0.6）产生最大的变化。4-壬基酚在CD溶液中的相对溶解度取决于空腔直径和CD的取代度。臭氧和活性炭处理已被用于去除自来水中的有机化合物和恶臭化合物。随着包合物进入地下水，臭氧降解的包合物进行了估计。4-壬基酚-环糊精和双酚A-环糊精包合物易被臭氧降解。随着臭氧化时间的延长，降解程度增加。对壬基酚-环糊精和双酚A包合物经臭氧氧化后生成弱酸性化合物。CD可用于自来水中4-壬基酚的去除。少

The recycling of organic by-products has attracted much interest. In this paper, techniques for producing carbonaceous adsorbents from an organic by-product and the application to removal of endocrine disruptors are described. Cottonseed shell as an organic by-products was carbonized at 873 K, and the cottonseed shell char was then activated in a rotary kiln with steam at 1 123 K for different times to obtain microporous carbons. The specific surface area of the carbons obtained was nearly equal to those of commercial activated carbons. The amount of 4-nonylphenol adsorbed at equilibrium concentration above 20 g/L was high for the carbon with high specific surface area. The adsorption amount at extremely low concentration such as 1 g/L was high for the carbon with small mean pore diameter. Microporous carbons were produced next by air activation from cottonseed shell in the one-step treatment. Although the specific surface area of the carbon was small, the pore size was adequate for ad … More sorbing 4-nonylphenol at low concentration. Therefore 4-nonylphenol could be efficiently removed from aqueous solution.The solubility of 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A in cyclodextrins (CD's) solutions were investigated to evaluate them for water pollution. The relative aqueous-phase concentration of 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A linearly increased with the increasing CD concentration. As the inner core of 0-CD is the most hydrophobic, the addition of 3-CD (degree of substitution 0.6) produced the largest change. The relative solubility of 4-nonylphenol in the CD solutions depended upon the cavity diameter and the degree of substitution for CD.Ozone and activated carbon treatments have been using for removing organic compounds and foul odor compounds from tap water. As the inclusion complexes moved into the groundwater, the ozone degradation of the inclusion complexes was estimated. The 4-nonylphenol-CD and bisphenol A-CD inclusion complexes were easily degraded by ozone. The degree of degradation increased with the increasing ozonization time. Weakly acidic compounds were produced from the 4-nonylphenol-CD and bisphenol A inclusion complexes by ozonization. CD 's could be utilized for the removal of 4-nonylphenol from tap water. Less