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Studies of taxonomy, phylogeny and peculiar evolution of marine organisms inhabiting marine lakes from the viewpoint of vacarism

从vacarism的角度研究栖息在海洋湖泊的海洋生物的分类、系统发育和奇特进化

基本信息

批准号：
13304065
负责人：
HARA Yoshiaki
金额：
$ 25.71万
依托单位：
Yamagata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In Palau Archipelago, about 80 marine lakes are located around Rocky Island District. These lakes are isolated from open sea and provide closed marine ecosystem to oceanic life systems. Almost all are geologically and genetically isolated from those inhabiting open seas, at least ten thousand years ago when the marine lakes were formed after he last glacial age. They show unique gross morphology, therefore it can be supposed that they have drifted on their own evolutionary processes. During our seven expeditions to Palau, 19 marine lakes have been accessed. On the limnological sense, these are divided into two of the holomictic and meromictic lakes. In the case of seaweeds in marine lakes, the similar species compositons and common dominant species share depending on these types of marine lakes. This is the center of this project for taking the evidences of their peculiar evolution of dominant or represenntative seaweeds and other groups of animal assembrages in the marine lakes based … More on the analyses of morphology and molecular phylogeny. The estimation of marine lakes' ages has been tried using the radio isotope and micropaleontological methods on the basis of sediments deposited in the bottom of lakes. Unfortunately, the suitable samples for these analyses could not be collected from all marine lakes we accessed. Consequently, we have to consider that the standard age of marine lakes in Palau is approxmately ten thoughsand years previously thought.From the results obtained here, the identification system of seaweeds in marine lakes based on their external morphology and internal strucutres was established with the verification of the molecular phylogenetic analysis. Owing to use this system, we could compare the genetic divergences of seaweeds inside and outside, as well as inter and intra marine lakes. At present, we could not show the clear evidences to occur the peculiar evolution of marine life systems in marine lakes, however, the possibilities could be exhibit on animal assebrages using mitochondrial genomes. While the peculiar evolution of seaweeds was mostly neglected at 18SrDNA, rbcL and ITS region levels. Further investigations will be needed after introducing molecules with much more rapid evolutionary speed or another methods possessing the resolving power to much more closely phylogenetic relationships. Less

在帕劳群岛，大约有80个海洋湖泊位于洛基岛区周围。这些湖泊与公海隔离，为海洋生物系统提供封闭的海洋生态系统。几乎所有的都在地质学和遗传学上与那些居住在公海上的生物隔离，至少一万年前，当海洋湖泊在最后一次冰川时代之后形成时。它们显示出独特的总体形态，因此可以认为它们是在自己的进化过程中漂流的。在我们对帕劳的七次考察中，我们访问了19个海洋湖泊。在湖沼学的意义上，这些被分为两个全融湖和半融湖。就海洋湖泊中的海藻而言，不同类型的海洋湖泊具有相似的种类组成和共同的优势种。这是本项目的中心，以获取海洋湖泊中优势或代表性海藻和其他动物类群独特进化的证据， ...更多信息形态学和分子生物学分析。根据湖底沉积物，尝试用放射性同位素和微体古生物学方法估算海洋湖泊的年龄。不幸的是，无法从我们访问的所有海洋湖泊中收集到适合这些分析的样本。因此，我们必须考虑到帕劳海洋湖泊的标准年龄大约是以前认为的10000万年，在此基础上，建立了基于外部形态和内部结构的海洋湖泊海藻鉴定系统，并对分子系统发育分析进行了验证。利用该系统可以比较湖泊内外、湖泊内部和湖泊内部海藻的遗传差异。目前，我们还不能提供海洋湖泊中发生海洋生物系统独特进化的明确证据，但利用线粒体基因组可以在动物类中展示这种可能性。而在18SrDNA、rbcL和ITS区水平上对海藻独特进化的研究大多被忽略。在引入具有更快进化速度的分子或其他具有更紧密系统发育关系的分辨能力的方法后，需要进一步的研究。少