Comprehensive research on water, energy, and material cycle by synchronizing satellite, intensified, and continuous observations -The Lake Biwa Project 3rd stage

通过同步卫星、强化、连续观测对水、能源和物质循环进行综合研究——琵琶湖计划第三阶段

• 批准号: 13305033
• 负责人: NAKAKITA Eiichi
• 金额: $ 29.2万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13305033/
• 关键词: CAPS; SAT; Sintilation meter; Doppler Lidar; Land Surface Scheme (SiBUC); Non-hydrostatic model (ARPS); Energy and Water budget; Lake Biwa Basin; フラックス面的観測、; 水田灌漑; 積雪・融雪過程; 大気陸面結合モデル; データ同化; 常設熱収支観測; ドップラーソーダー; 水物質流出シミュレーション; データベース; ARPS

The intensive field campaign of the areal distribution of turbulent fluxes (CAPS2003) was implemented on the harvested paddy field by the members of the Lake Biwa Project and other young scientists from the flux research group. The 30 participants came from 11 universities and institute. The observation was organized by permanent energy balance measurement station, one Doppler lidar (3-dimensional distribution of wind and aerozol), two Doppler sodars (vertical profile of wind), one scintillation meter (path average sensible heat flux), GPS sonde (vertical profile of temperature, humidity, and wind), 4 super flux sites (sensible and latent heat fluxes, radiation budget), 4 sat sites (sensible heat flux), 3 flux profile sites (vertical profile of sensible heat flux), 24 thermocouples (fluctuation of air temperature). Furthermore, to estimate the distribution of energy balance components, radiometer and thermometers were installed at the same place for calibration. The main characteristics of this CAPS2003 is that the target area (200m x 100m) is much smaller than that of CAPS2002 (1200m x 500m). The arrangement of the sensors was "cross-shape", and all data from sensors in the central zone were recorded by one 64ch logger. This perfect synchronizing aims to the tracking of the detailed structure of the turbulent flow. All the processed (quality checked) data from CAPS2002 and CAPS2003 were included in the database and opened on the Web site.As for the numerical modeling, the non-hydrostatic meteorological model ARPS and the advanced land surface scheme SiBUC were coupled. By the grid-nesting system from the synoptic scale to the local scale, the detailed local wind field was simulated and the effects of the land surface processes on the local circulation were analyzed in detail. Also, the dataset of the distribution of the energy and water budget components in the Lake Biwa Basin was re-constructed by the off-line simulation of the improved land surface model SiBUC.

琵琶湖项目的成员和通量研究小组的其他年轻科学家在收获的稻田上实施了湍流通量区域分布的密集实地活动（CAPS 2003）。30名参与者来自11所大学和研究所。观测由永久能量平衡测量站组织，（风和气溶胶的三维分布），两个多普勒声雷达（垂直风廓线）、一个闪烁仪（路径平均感热通量），GPS探空仪（温度、湿度和风的垂直廓线），4个超级通量站点（感热通量、潜热通量、辐射收支）、4个SAT站点（感热通量）、3个通量廓线站点（感热通量垂直廓线）、24个热电偶（气温波动）。此外，为了估计能量平衡分量的分布，将辐射计和温度计安装在同一地点进行校准。CAPS2003的主要特点是目标区域（200米× 100米）比CAPS2002（1200米× 500米）小得多。传感器的布置是“十字形”的，并且来自中心区域的传感器的所有数据由一个64通道记录器记录。这种完美的同步旨在跟踪湍流的详细结构。CAPS2002和CAPS2003的数据经质量检验后全部纳入数据库并在网站上公开，数值模拟采用了非静力模式ARPS和改进的陆面方案SiBUC。利用从天气尺度到局地尺度的网格嵌套系统，模拟了详细的局地风场，详细分析了陆面过程对局地环流的影响。此外，通过改进的陆面模式SiBUC的离线模拟，重新构建了琵琶湖流域能量和水收支分量分布的数据集。

项目成果

扇田尚紀, 大石哲, 池淵周一: "琵琶湖周辺におけるメソスケール水蒸気動態解明に関する研究"京都大学防災研究所年報. 第44号B-2. 411-425 (2001)

Naoki Ogida、Tetsu Oishi、Shuichi Ikebuchi：“琵琶湖周围的中尺度水蒸气动力学研究”，京都大学防灾研究所年度报告第 44 B-2 号（2001 年）。

Oishi S., N.Ohgita, E.Nakakita, S.Ikebuchi: "Effect of Water Vapor on Advection of Convective Rainfall Cells around the Lake BIWA,JAPAN"Fifth International Symposium on Hydrological Application of Weather Radar. 171-176 (2001)

Oishi S.、N.Ohgita、E.Nakakita、S.Ikebuchi：“水蒸气对日本琵琶湖周围对流降雨细胞平流的影响”第五届天气雷达水文应用国际研讨会。

Tanaka, K., H.Hayashi, E.Nakakita, S.Ikebuchi: "Energy and Water Budget of Paddy Field in the Lake Biwa Basin,Japan"Proc.of the International Workshop on GAME-AAN/Radiation,GAME Publication. No.28. 55-58 (2001)

Tanaka, K.、H.Hayashi、E.Nakakita、S.Ikebuchi：“日本琵琶湖盆地稻田的能源和水收支”，GAME-AAN/辐射国际研讨会议程，GAME Publication。

玉川一郎, 田中賢治, 石田祐宣, 樋口篤志, 松島大, 浅沼順他: "琵琶湖プロジェクト2002年フラックス面的集中観測(Catch A Plume by SATs: CAPS):その概要"水文・水資源学会誌. 17(4)(掲載予定). (2004)

Ichiro Tamakawa、Kenji Tanaka、Yunobu Ishida、Atsushi Higuchi、Dai Matsushima、Jun Asanuma 等：“Lake Biwa Project 2002 Catch A Plume by SATs (CAPS)：概述”日本水文水资源学会杂志 17（ 4）（预定出版）（2004年）。

Nakakita, E., T.Maeda: "Fundamental Study on Effectiveness of Distributed Rainfall Information Depending on Scale of Catchment"Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (JSCE). 48. 307-312 (2004)

Nakakita, E., T.Maeda：“根据流域规模的分布式降雨信息有效性的基础研究”水利工程学年刊（JSCE）。