Biocomplexity of the interactions of complex organic colloids and microbial communities in aquatic environments

水生环境中复杂有机胶体与微生物群落相互作用的生物复杂性

• 批准号: 13308029
• 负责人: NAGATA Toshi
• 金额: $ 32.45万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13308029/
• 关键词: Dissolved organic matter; Marine colloids; Bacterial community; Organic matter degradation; Marine ecosystem; Biocomplexity; Microbial loop; Material cycling; 水圏物質循環; 微生物群集; コロイド; 地球環境; 湖沼生態系; 炭素循環; 海洋; 有機物; 食物連鎖; 鉛直フラックス; 細菌群集組成

Dissolved and colloidal organic matter (DOM and COM) represents the largest reservoir of organic carbon in the oceans and play a substantial role in global cycling of carbon. In the present project, we were aimed at examining degradation of complex organic polymers in seawater and regulation mechanisms of bacterial communities in estuarine and coastal environments. We succeeded in developing a novel tracer technique to analyze transformation and degradation of complex organic polymers in seawater. Results showed that peptidoglycan, an important component of marine COM, is degraded more slowly than proteins, suggesting that complex polymers play a role in preservation of organic matter. Single-cell detection methods were used to investigate community dynamics and regulation of bacterial communities, which are responsible for degradation of DOM and COM. We found that bacterial community composition varies depending on substrate (DOM) supply, but the major flux of DOM and COM is generally driven by a limited number of bacterial groups such as alpha proteobacteria cluster. These results have implications for better modeling the biocomplex system consisting of DOC, COC and microbial communities.

溶解有机物和胶体有机物（DOM和COM）是海洋中最大的有机碳库，在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用。本课题旨在研究复杂有机聚合物在海水中的降解及河口海岸环境中细菌群落的调控机制。我们成功地开发了一种新的示踪技术来分析复杂有机聚合物在海水中的转化和降解。结果表明，肽聚糖是海洋COM的重要组成部分，其降解速度比蛋白质慢，表明复合聚合物在有机物的保存中起作用。采用单细胞检测方法研究了土壤中负责降解DOM和COM的细菌群落动态和调控。我们发现，细菌群落组成的变化取决于底物（DOM）的供应，但DOM和COM的主要流量通常是由有限数量的细菌群，如α-变形菌群。这些结果具有更好的模拟DOC，COC和微生物群落组成的生物复合系统的影响。

项目成果

Nagata, T., Benedikt.M, Kirchman, D.L.: "Microbial degradation of peptidoglycan in seawater"Limnology and Oceanography. 48. 745-754 (2003)

Nagata, T.、Benedikt.M、Kirchman, D.L.：“海水中肽聚糖的微生物降解”湖沼学和海洋学。

Nagata, T., Fukuda, R., Fukuda, H., Koike I.: "Basin-Scale Geographic Patterns of Bacteriaplankton Biomass and Production in the Subarctic Pacific, July-September 1997."Journal of Oceanography. 57(3). 301-313 (2001)

Nagata, T.、Fukuda, R.、Fukuda, H.、Koike I.：“亚北极太平洋浮游细菌生物量和生产的盆地规模地理模式，1997 年 7 月至 9 月。”海洋学杂志。

永田 俊: "細菌の生物密度と現存量(竹内均監修)地球環境調査計測事典第2巻陸域編(2)"フジ・テクノシステム. 1162 (2003)

永田俊：“细菌密度和丰度（竹内仁监修）全球环境研究和测量百科全书第2卷陆地版（2）”Fuji Techno System 1162（2003）。

Yokokawa, T., T.Nagata, M.T.Cottrell, D.L.Kirchman: "Growth rate of the major phylogenetic bacterial groups in the Delaware"Limnology and Oceanography. (印刷中).

Yokokawa, T.、T.Nagata、M.T.Cottrell、D.L.Kirchman：“特拉华州主要系统发育细菌群的增长率”湖沼学和海洋学（正在出版）。

Toshi Nagata: "Dynamics of dissolved organic matter"Monthly Kaiyo. 29. 120-125 (2002)

Toshi Nagata：《溶解有机物的动力学》月刊 Kaiyo。