Semantic conflation of verb meanings into constructions : An approach from dcognitive typology

动词意义与结构的语义合并：来自认知类型学的方法

• 批准号: 13610550
• 负责人: ONO Naoyuki
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610550/
• 关键词: congitive linguistics; linguistic typlogy; contrastive study; constructions; lexical semantics

This research project has been conducted to explore the idea that there are some typological differences and similarities between langauges in terms of the semantic conflation of lexical (verb) meanigs with particular constructions. We have addressed the following research questions:(i)Are there any schematic constructions that serve to integrate lexical meanings of verbs with particular grammatical constructions, e.g. passives, resultatives, locative inversions, etc?(ii)How do we detect some typological differences in the conflation patterns?We have tried to answer these questions by investigating data mostly from Japanese and English, the languages allegedly show systematic typological discrepancies in many aspects. In addition, some evidence has been presented from Korean data, which is said to be similar to the former from typological point of view.Our main discussions are centered on the Locative Inversion Construction and the Passive (Resultative) Construction. We have shown how schematic cores of the constuctions are used to build up the constructions in question. As for the Locative Inversion, the schematic core of location and existence plays a crucial role in conflating verb meanings into the construction. But there are some classes of verbs in both languages that seem to incompatible with the location and existence schema. We have claimed that a cognitive process like natural inference is at work when a mismatch takes place between lexical and constructional meanings. As for the passive construction, we have scrutinized the so-called indirect passive in Japanese, in relation with the resultative construction in English. They share the causative schema for semantic conflation. This leads us to the conclusion that the two construtions, although they seem to be distinct in form, show certain parallelisms under careful observation.

本研究旨在探讨语言之间在词汇（动词）意义与特定构式的语义融合方面存在的一些类型学差异和相似性。我们已经解决了以下研究问题：（一）是否有任何图式结构，服务于整合动词的词汇意义与特定的语法结构，如被动，结果，位置倒装等？（2）我们如何发现合并模式中的一些类型学差异？我们试图通过调查主要来自日语和英语的数据来回答这些问题，据称这两种语言在许多方面表现出系统的类型学差异。此外，本文还从类型学的角度对韩国语中的位置倒装结构和被动（结果）结构进行了分析，认为韩国语中的位置倒装结构和被动（结果）结构与汉语中的位置倒装结构有相似之处。我们已经展示了如何使用建筑的示意性核心来构建所讨论的建筑。在处所倒装句中，处所和存在的图式核心在将动词意义整合到构式中起着至关重要的作用。但两种语言中都有一些动词类别似乎与位置和存在图式不相容。我们认为，当词汇意义和构式意义之间出现不匹配时，一个类似于自然推理的认知过程就在起作用。至于被动结构，我们已经仔细研究了日语中所谓的间接被动结构与英语中的结果结构的关系。它们共享语义合并的使役图式。这使我们得出这样的结论，即这两种解释虽然在形式上看起来不同，但在仔细观察下，它们表现出一定的平行性。

项目成果

堀江 薫: "膠着語における文法化の特徴に関する認知言語学的考察:日本語と韓国語を対象に"山梨正明他(編)認知言語学論集. 89-131 (2001)

Kaoru Horie：“粘着语言语法化特征的认知语言学考虑：以日语和韩语为中心”Masaaki Yamanashi 等人（编辑）Cognitive Linguistics 89-131（2001）。

Naoyuki Ono: "An Event Structure Analysis of Japanese Passives."The Second International Workshop on Generative Approaches to the Lexicon, University of Geneva.. 123-129 (2003)

Naoyuki Ono：“日语被动语态的事件结构分析”。第二届国际词典生成方法研讨会，日内瓦大学。123-129 (2003)

Horie, Kaoru: "Verbal Nouns in Japanese and Korean : Cognitive Typological implications"文化・インターアクション・言語. 77-101 (2002)

Horie, Kaoru：“日语和韩语中的动词名词：认知类型学含义”文化、互动和语言 77-101 (2002)。

Naoyuki Ono: "On the Event Structure of Indirect Passives in Japanese."PACLIC 17,Colips Publications. 28-37 (2003)

Naoyuki Ono：“论日语间接被动语态的事件结构”。PACLIC 17，Colips Publications。

堀江 薫: "言語類型論"現代言語学の潮流(山梨正明・有馬道子(編)). 93-105 (2003)

Kaoru Horie：“语言类型学”现代语言学趋势（Masaaki Yamanashi 和 Michiko Arima（编辑））93-105（2003）。