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Comparative Study on the Impact of Property Values on the Maintenance of Homes in Japan and the U.S

日本和美国房产价值对房屋维护影响的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
13650671
负责人：
YAMASAKI Kotoko
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
Shiga University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13650671/
关键词：
Existing Detached House Market View of Property Temporary home Housing utilizable lifespan Expectation of housing lifespan Rebuilding Housing Maintenance Comparison between Japanese and American 資産観中古住宅資産価値住宅の寿命観住宅の耐用年数仮の宿意識

项目摘要

This study seeks to examine ways to extend the lifespan of Japanese homes by examining attitudes of homeowners in Japan and the U.S. through two comparative studies.The target areas of the survey were a district of Los Angeles, and Des Moines, Iowa in the U.S, Osaka and Shiga prefectures in Japan. The years of the survey were 2000,2001,2003.In the U.S, 75 percent of American respondents purchased existing houses. It is common for Americans to buy and sell their houses not only to live in but also as an investment. The historic value of an old house is an important factor in the purchase. Older houses are considered attractive because of such factors as natural hard wood floors, skillful carpenter work and traditional design. Since existing house are still highly valued, the owner expects a good return on his investment.Meanwhile in Japan, 87 percent of Japanese purchased a new house. Japanese who buy existing houses tend to see the purchase merely as temporary home, a stepping stone to … More a next house. People with this "temporary home" outlook normally have negative views of the quality of existing houses. Japanese who consider purchasing an existing house do not feel reassured about its safety and functionality due to lack of available information and tend to avoid existing houses. Japanese, on the other hand, want to live permanently at the same address and rebuild their house rather than try to sell it. Rebuilding is a remarkable character of the Japanese.Americans take for granted the idea of reselling a house, and as a consequence show strong interest in the commercial value of housing. From the time a person purchases a house he or she already takes into account the scenario of reselling it, which makes the advance inspection of the house before purchase a very common practice. In contrast, Japanese are concerned about the safety and functionality and do not fully trust the assessment of realtors. There is a strong correlation between the care and maintenance put on one's present home and the asset value the owners think it is worth.Yearly depreciation is taken for granted in Japan. Thus, a typical urban house is rebuilt after only 20-30 years, which is about one-fourth the lifetime of a house in the U.S. or in rural Japan. But the average owner expects to live in their present house for about 40 years. It the U.S., the average lifetime of a house is more than twice that of Japan.ConclusionThe reason which Japanese view existing homes as "temporary houses" is mainly due to the lack of information on homes as commodities. In the U.S., the transparency of the real estate market is secured : there is a system that the buyer of an existing house is treated fairly. In Japan, there is a low priority in collecting information on the safety and reliability of the home. A correlation has been recognized between the awareness of "a temporary house" and the fear of an existing house. Moreover, Japanese don't put a high priority on the reliability of the functions in one's own house. That has diminished the impetus for information. As the result, more value is place on occupying one home permanently than competing in the existing house market. Less

本研究以美国的洛杉矶、得梅因、爱荷华州、日本的大坂、滋贺为调查对象，通过对日美两国房主的态度进行比较，探讨延长日本住宅寿命的方法。在美国，75%的美国受访者购买了现有的房屋。对美国人来说，买卖房屋不仅是为了居住，也是一种投资。老房子的历史价值是购买的一个重要因素。老房子被认为是有吸引力的，因为这些因素的天然硬木地板，熟练的木匠工作和传统的设计。由于现有的房子仍然很值钱，房主希望他的投资能有好的回报。与此同时，在日本，87%的日本人购买了新房。购买现房的日本人倾向于将购买仅仅视为临时住所， ...更多信息下一个房子。持这种“临时住宅”观点的人通常对现有房屋的质量持负面看法。考虑购买现房的日本人由于缺乏可用信息，对其安全性和功能性感到不放心，倾向于避开现房。另一方面，日本人希望在同一个地方永久居住，并重建他们的房子，而不是试图出售它。重建是日本人的一个显著特点。美国人认为转售房屋是理所当然的，因此对房屋的商业价值表现出强烈的兴趣。从一个人购买房子的时候，他或她已经考虑到转售的情况，这使得在购买前提前检查房子成为一种非常普遍的做法。相比之下，日本人担心安全性和功能性，不完全信任房地产经纪人的评估。对现有房屋的保养和维护与业主认为的资产价值之间有很强的相关性。在日本，每年的折旧是理所当然的。因此，一个典型的城市房屋重建后只有20-30年，这是大约四分之一的寿命在美国或日本农村的房子。但平均房主预计在他们现在的房子里住40年左右。在美国，住宅的平均寿命是日本的两倍多。结论日本人之所以把现有住宅看作“临时住宅”，主要是因为缺乏关于住宅作为商品的信息。在美国，真实的房地产市场的透明度是有保障的：有一个公平对待现有房屋买家的制度。在日本，收集有关家庭安全性和可靠性的信息的优先级很低。人们已经认识到，对“临时住房”的认识与对现有住房的恐惧之间存在着相关性。此外，日本人并不把自己家里的功能的可靠性放在首位。这削弱了信息的动力。因此，更多的价值是放在永久占据一个家比在现有的房屋市场竞争。少