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A Monitoring Method for Sediment Movement in Mountain Watershed with an Index of Turbidity

山区流域泥沙运动的浊度指数监测方法

基本信息

批准号：
13660146
负责人：
FUJITA Masaharu
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660146/
关键词：
sediment movement monitoring turbidity wash load sediment production sediment runoff mountain rivers 流砂系

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to establish a method of monitoring sediment movement in a mountainous watershed with an index of turbidity. The turbidity and water discharge were continuously measured at an experimental dam section that is in the Ashiarai-dani experimental watershed of Hodaka Sabo Observatory of Kyoto University. The point of the study is to clarify whether the sediment movement in the upstream reach of the observation point is indirectly watched with the data. To observe the situation of sediment movement in the torrent, a video camera system set up in a headwater area in the observation reach. Also, the grain size distributions of the produced sediment, the sediment deposit and the turbidity material were investigated. The result is summarized as follows:1. Turbid water contains the sediments and organic matter. The percentage of the organic matter was 14 to 22%. The grain size of the sediment in the turbid water is less than 0.2mm and 5 to 10 percents of the fresh sediment produced at the source are those sediments. The turbidity materials are washed out of the fresh sediment under movement. As a result, the turbidity materials were not contained in the sediment brought up to the dam section.2. The amount of the sediment supplied from the source is estimated from the accumulated load of turbidity materials at the dam section.3. The hysteresis curves of turbidity and water discharge represent the situation of sediment movement.4. A method for monitoring sediment movement in mountain streams with an index of turbidity is promising.

本研究旨在建立一种以浊度指标监测山区流域泥沙运动的方法。在京都大学Hodaka Sabo观测站的Ashiarai-dani实验流域的实验坝段连续测量浊度和水流量。研究的重点是弄清是否用资料间接观察了测点上游河段的泥沙运动。为了观测急流中泥沙运动的情况，在观测河段的源头区设置了摄像系统。此外，所产生的沉积物，沉积物存款和混浊物质的粒度分布进行了调查。主要研究结果如下：1.浊水含有沉积物和有机物。有机质含量为14 ~ 22%。浊水中的泥沙粒径小于0.2mm，约占源水新鲜泥沙的5 ~ 10%。浑浊物质在运动中从新鲜沉积物中被冲洗出来。结果表明，在被带到坝段的泥沙中不含浑浊物质。根据坝段泥沙的累积负荷估算了泥沙来源量。浊度和流量的滞后曲线反映了泥沙运动的情况.用浊度指数监测山区河流泥沙运动是一种很有前途的方法。