The Study on Reform of Chinese Rural Institution in 21_<st> Century : by Analyzing Micro Data of Rural China

21世纪中国农村制度改革研究——基于中国农村微观数据的分析

• 批准号: 13660220
• 负责人: ASAMI Atsuyuki
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660220/
• 关键词: Double-tier management; new institutional economics; Individual; collective; panel data analysis; profit function; management abilities; individual effect; パネルデータ; 双層経営体制; 村経営能力; 農家経営能力; 以工補農; 一元配置固定効果推定; 二元配置固定効果推定; 集団経営能力; 個別経営能力; 生産弾力性

Double-tier management system is promoted in rural China. This system is rural organization which has eclectic characteristics between people's commune and private family farm system. Is this system the most suitable for 21st century's Chinese agriculture? We firstly checked the rationality of this system based on the new institutional economics theory. The conclusion of our theoretical analysis of the system is as follows. First, this system is the system which utilize both of personal and common information. Second, this system is the system in which the collective chiefly absorbs risk and maintain the machines.We applied panel data analysis to management abilities of both individual and village under double-tier management system. We calculated profit function in which the constants can be testified as individual effect. If individual effect is verified, the constant can be judged as distinguished management ability. We estimate profit function of China's food production and judge t … More he individual effect by panel data analysis method. The utilized panel data is based on large fixed point observation data conducted by Chinese agricultural department. The results are following. First, it is proved that China's villages and most of farmers have the distinguished management abilities. The idiosyncratic management abilities of farmers and villages play important roles in China's agricultural development. Abilities of villages are made up by the transfer from profit of non-agricultural town and village enterprises to village's agricultural services for individual farmers. In many cases, however, these services are offered uniformly among farmers. This uniform offer predispose to make exhibition of farmers' management ability wipe away. It is proved in panel data analysis that the distinguished management abilities of farmers can not be recognized in rich villages. But after removal of the villages' time effects which exert same influence on farmers on each year, the primary management abilities can be recognized in most farmers. Farmers have their own idiosyncratic abilities in China. The institution which makes farmers display their abilities should be adopted in 21^<st> centaury, instead of simple double-tier management system. Less

中国农村推行双层经营体制。这种制度是介于人民公社和家庭农场制度之间的具有折衷特征的农村组织形式。这种制度是否最适合21世纪的中国农业？本文首先从新制度经济学的角度对该制度的合理性进行了检验。我们对该制度的理论分析的结论如下。首先，本系统是一个既利用个人信息又利用公共信息的系统。第二，该系统是集体主要承担风险和维护机器的系统，我们运用面板数据分析了双层管理系统下个人和村庄的管理能力。我们计算了利润函数，其中的常数可以证明为个体效应。如果个体效应得到验证，则可将该常数判定为杰出管理能力。通过对中国粮食生产利润函数的估计，判断了中国粮食生产的利润函数 ...更多信息 采用面板数据分析方法对个体效应进行分析。所用的面板数据是基于中国农业部门的大型定点观测数据。结果如下。第一，中国农村和绝大多数农民具有较强的经营管理能力。农民和村庄的特殊经营能力在中国农业发展中起着重要作用。农村能力是由乡镇企业的非农利润向农村为农民个体提供的农业服务的转移构成的。然而，在许多情况下，这些服务是统一向农民提供的。这种千篇一律的做法，容易使农民经营能力的发挥荡然无存。面板数据分析表明，在富裕的农村，农民的经营能力并不显著。但在剔除那些村庄的时间效应后，农户的初级经营能力在各年度都得到了认可。在中国，农民有他们自己的特殊能力。21世纪的农业应该是一种能使农民发挥作用的制度<st>，而不是简单的双层经营体制。少

项目成果

浅見淳之: "中国農業における家族経営とファームサービス事業体の中間組織"京都大学生物資源経済研究. No.9. 85-98 (2003)

麻美敦之：“中国农业中家庭经营与农场服务企业的中间组织”京都大学生物资源经济研究第9期（2003年）。

ASAMI, Atsuyuki: "Quasi-internal organization among family farms and farm service suppliers in Rural China"The Natural Resource Economic Review Kyoto University. No.9(Now printing). 85-98 (2003)

ASAMI、Atsuyuki：“中国农村家庭农场和农场服务供应商之间的准内部组织”京都大学自然资源经济评论。

浅見淳之 他: "中国食糧生産における集団と農家の経営能力-利潤関数によるパネル分析-"京都大学生物資源経済研究. No.8(発表予定). (2003)

Atsuyuki Asami 等：“中国粮食生产中的群体和农民的管理能力 - 使用利润函数的面板分析 -”京都大学生物资源经济研究第 8 期（待出版）。