The Effects of Group Intervention on Food-related Behavior Among Home Disabled Elderly in Qualitative Analysis

目的探讨独居家庭失能老人食物相关行为的结构及其过程对其食物满意度的影响，并评价团体干预方案在这一过程中的效果。方法采用半结构化访谈法对10名67 ~ 89岁无痴呆的独居老人进行饮食相关行为调查。第二个目标是小组干预，从他们中选择4-6个人，进行小组烹饪和一起吃饭，观察其结果。结果食物相关行为的结构可分为以下几类：(1)关于购买行为，如自己购物，让别人来做，自己种蔬菜，购物不能独自完成的原因和食物选择的因素。(2)烹饪行为包括，自己做饭，让别人做饭，为什么不能进行，接受烹饪支持和自己做饭的个人意愿。(3)自己动手消费、就餐环境、就餐原因等就餐行为。此外，用自己的手消费，喜欢的食物，特别是关于味道，以及食物的信息意识等共同因素是相互关联的。研究结果表明，在分组方法中，老年人通过一起做饭和吃饭，感受美味，提高了个人在日常生活中做饭的意愿。结论：观察了残疾老年人食物满意度与饮食欲望、美味程度和食物信息意识的必要性。很明显，这个节目不仅在一起吃饭，而且在一起愉快地做饭，似乎受到了很大的影响。

PurposeThis study was performed to examine the structure of food-related behavior and its process that affect on the food satisfaction among home disabled elderly living alone and the effects of the group intervention program in that process was evaluated.MethodsThe first aim of food-related behavior was conducted by semi-structured interviews of 10 elderly aged 67-89, living alone without dementia. The second aim was group intervention, performed by selecting 4-6 individuals from them and introduced group cooking and eating together to observe its outcome.ResultsThe structure of food-related behavior was categorized as follows ;(1) By concerning acquisitioning actions such as shopping by itself get it done by somebody else, growing up vegetables by their own, reasons why shopping can not be done alone and the factor of food selection.(2) Cooking actions were included, cooking by themselves, get it cooked by someone else, why it cannot be carried out, acceptance of cooking support and the personal will to cook by their own.(3) Eating actions such as consumption by using their own hands, eating environment and the eating reasons.In addition, the common elements such as consumption by using their own hands, favorite foods, particular about taste, and the informative awareness of the meal are interrelated together.The results in the group approach revealed their happiness by cooking and eating together, feeling deliciously, and promoted the personal will to cook in daily life.Conclusion.The necessity of food satisfaction with eating desire, deliciousness and the informative awareness of the meals among disabled elderly was observed. It was clear that the program seemed to be highly effected by not only eating together but also cooking with each other joyfully.