The Effects of Group Intervention on Food-related Behavior Among Home Disabled Elderly in Qualitative Analysis

团体干预对家庭失能老年人饮食行为影响的定性分析

• 批准号: 13672482
• 负责人: SHIRAI Eiko
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Tenshi College
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13672482/
• 关键词: disabled elderly living alone; food-related behavior; food satisfaction; group intervention program; the personal will to cook; qualitative research; 調理行動; 摂食行動; 食の満足感; 集団的支援; 食材入手行動; QOL

PurposeThis study was performed to examine the structure of food-related behavior and its process that affect on the food satisfaction among home disabled elderly living alone and the effects of the group intervention program in that process was evaluated.MethodsThe first aim of food-related behavior was conducted by semi-structured interviews of 10 elderly aged 67-89, living alone without dementia. The second aim was group intervention, performed by selecting 4-6 individuals from them and introduced group cooking and eating together to observe its outcome.ResultsThe structure of food-related behavior was categorized as follows ;(1) By concerning acquisitioning actions such as shopping by itself get it done by somebody else, growing up vegetables by their own, reasons why shopping can not be done alone and the factor of food selection.(2) Cooking actions were included, cooking by themselves, get it cooked by someone else, why it cannot be carried out, acceptance of cooking support and the personal will to cook by their own.(3) Eating actions such as consumption by using their own hands, eating environment and the eating reasons.In addition, the common elements such as consumption by using their own hands, favorite foods, particular about taste, and the informative awareness of the meal are interrelated together.The results in the group approach revealed their happiness by cooking and eating together, feeling deliciously, and promoted the personal will to cook in daily life.Conclusion.The necessity of food satisfaction with eating desire, deliciousness and the informative awareness of the meals among disabled elderly was observed. It was clear that the program seemed to be highly effected by not only eating together but also cooking with each other joyfully.

目的本研究旨在探讨食物相关行为的结构及其过程对居家失能独居老人食物满意度的影响，并评估团体干预方案在此过程中的效果。方法食物相关行为的第一个目的是通过半结构式访谈的方式对10名67-89岁的独居老人进行调查。第二个目标是团体干预，通过选择4-6个人，并介绍了小组烹饪和一起吃饭，以观察其outcome.ResultsThe结构的食物相关行为分为如下几类;（1）通过关注收购行为，如自己购物，让别人完成，自己种植蔬菜，购物不能单独进行的原因和食物选择的因素。(2)包括烹饪行动，自己做饭，让别人做饭，为什么不能进行，接受烹饪支持和自己做饭的个人意愿。(3)用自己的手消费、就餐环境、就餐原因等进食行为，以及用自己的手消费、喜欢的食物、讲究口味、对用餐的信息意识等共同因素相互关联。小组研究的结果显示，他们在一起做饭、一起吃饭、感觉美味、结论：失能老年人对食物的需求主要体现在进食欲望、食物的美味程度、食物的信息性等方面。很显然，节目似乎不仅在一起吃饭，而且还在一起愉快地做饭。