Decision-making on surgical procedures in breast cancer patient

这项研究的目的是确定乳腺癌患者决定接受手术的过程以及影响他们决定的因素。对18名乳腺癌患者进行了观察和访谈，并采用定性和归纳法对获得的描述性数据进行了分析。面对事实的心理冲击；个人和环境状况的识别；决策行动。病人决定是否接受乳房切除术或保乳手术的过程，在医生告诉他们诊断和手术适应症时，会有心理冲击的经历。然后，患者经历了直面事实和识别意图的阶段，在这两个阶段中，他们试图通过AC…来阐明自己的意图更多的事实是，他们患有癌症，需要手术，并考虑他们可以做些什么来生存。直面事实的阶段由缓解震惊、收集信息、寻求他人支持、反思如何生活以及应对癌症的存在等子类别组成。患者根据他们的个人价值观确定了他们的意图，乳腺癌的手术选择包括完全治愈的可能性、可能的形态和功能丧失、家庭成员的期望、放射治疗的可用性和住院时间。乳腺癌的手术选择&gt；指的是肿瘤的大小和位置的医学标准。正视事实和意图识别是在乳腺癌患者决定手术方式的过程中确定的，而这些行为取决于他们如何面对事实和对意图的识别。为了促进乳腺癌患者对手术方式的决策，应提供护理支持，以确定患者对决策的意图，并对患者的应对能力做出反应。较少

The purpose of this study was to identify the process through which patients with breast cancer would decide the surgical procedure to undergo and the factors that influenced their decisions. Eighteen patients with breast cancer were observed and interviewed, and the descriptive data obtained was analyzed using qualitative and inductive approaches.The decision marking process for surgical procedures was categorized into the following five stages. <<phychological shock>>, <<confronting the facts>>, <<identification of intention>>, <<individual and environmental status>> and <<decision-making actions>>. The process through which the patients decide whether to undergo mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery stated with an experience of <<psychological shock>> when the doctor informed them of the diagnosis and surgical indications. The patients then went through <<confronting the facts>> and <<identification of intention>> stages during which they tried to make their intentions clear by ac … More cepting fact that they had cancer that required surgery and considering what they could do to survive. The stage of <<confronting the facts>> consisted of subcategories of <relieving the shock>, <collecting information>, <seeking support from others>, <reconsidering how to live life> and <coping with the presence of cancer>. The patients <<identified their intension>> according to their <individual sense of values> and the <surgical options for breast cancer>, <Individual sense of values> included the probability of complete cure, possible morphological and functional loss, expectations of family members, availability of radiotherapy and length of hospital stay. <surgical options for breast cancer> referred to medical criteria of the size and location of the tumor. <<Confronting the facts>> and <<identification of intention>> were identified in the process through which the patients with breast cancer would decide the surgical procedure, and these actions depended on how they went through <<confronting the facts>> and the <<identification of intension>.In order to facilitate decision-making of breast cancer patients on surgical procedures, nursing support should be provided in such a way as to identify the patients' intentions regarding decision-making and the respond to the ability of the patients to cope. Less