Effects of intake of K-containing food among passive-smoking pregnant women on prevention of neonatal bleeding

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Study objective : The objectives of the present study were to elucidate the effects of passive smoking during pregnancy on changes in vitamin K-dependent clotting factor activity in cord blood, and to determine the effects of the intake of vitamin K-containing food among passive smoking pregnant women on prevention of neonatal bleeding, from the perspective of the transplacental supply of vitamin K.Study methods : Subjects were 148 non-smoking women who underwent vaginal delivery (passive smoking group, n=53; non-passive smoking group, n=95). Consent was obtained following written and oral explanations. Following delivery, citric acid-added plasma obtained from collection of umbilical venous blood was used to investigate the following : prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, hepaplastin test, thrombotest, vitamin K-dependent clotting factor activity (FII, FVII, FIX, FX) and non-vitamin K-dependent clotting factor activity. In addition, a method for measuring vitamin K … More in cord blood was investigated based on Wakabayashi et al.(Folia Pharmacol.Jpn.116)'s HPLC using platinum catalyst reduction and electrochemical detection.Results and discussion : The passive smoking group had significantly lower FVII and FIX than the non-passive smoking group. Comparison of the two groups with regard to the intake of fermented soybeans revealed a significantly higher FVII in the non-passive smoking group relative to the passive smoking group in the non-intake group, with no significant intergroup differences in the intake group. Comparison of the two groups with regard to the intake of broccoli revealed a significantly higher thrombotest value in the non-passive smoking group relative to the passive smoking group in the non-intake group, with no significant intergroup differences in the intake group. For pregnant women who may have difficulty avoiding passive smoking, regular intake of vitamin K-containing food may improve the activity of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in fetal blood and thus provide a means of preventing early neonatal bleeding. Less