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An origin and role of myogenic cell except a satellite cell appearing at hyperttophied skeletal muscle tissue.

除了出现在过度肥大的骨骼肌组织中的卫星细胞之外，肌原细胞的起源和作用。

基本信息

批准号：
13680015
负责人：
YAMADA Shigeo
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is well known that a skeletal muscle is enlarged by exercise, but is not clear about the hypertrophy mechanism of skeletal muscle now. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy happens by enlargement and an increase of a muscular cell number forming muscular tissue basically. It is known that an increase of a muscular cell is guided by growth factor. The new muscular fiber was formed by proliferation of myogenic cell and it made dear that the myogenic cell were satellite cells. However, although number of a satellite cell decreased with aging either and existence of a myogenic cell except a satellite cell was suggested by an enlargement effect being recognized by a resistance training of an older man. So the possibility about an origin and role of a myogenic cell except a satellite cell was examined .Mechanism of the muscular fiber hypertrophy which was hardly observed till now, studied in Chapter 1. As a result of this experiment, hypertrophy of the muscular fiber, increase of muscular fiber len … More gth, increase of a nucleus in muscular fiber were observed dearly. Furthermore, the capacity of cytoplasm per a nucleus of control group and exercise group was almost a constant ratio. After the skeletal muscle fiber was formed in development stage the muscle fiber has never divided. Accordingly, as for the cause that a nucleus increased with hypertrophied muscular fiber, a satellite cell or the result that other myogenic fused to old muscular fiber. The new formation and myogenic cell origin of muscular tissue were examined in Chapter 2. Collapse of muscular fiber make progress with exercise dearly, and it made ft dear by vital staining method that the new formation of muscular tissue began. A myogenic cell origin by observing a positive cell of myogenin which was a transcription factor peculiar to a muscular cell was examined As a result of observation, positive myogenin cells were observed in blood vessel arid its circumference side and suggested possibility carried to muscular tissue through blood. In addition, the albumin positive cells which specifically appeared and secreted with a liver cell, were observed with muscular tissue identically. It was suggested that a liver stem cell functioned with a myogenic cell by these experiments. Swimming exercise as an exercise model was used in Chapter 3.This model is more realistic than a tenotomy model. The influence that exfoliation of a liver cell and a liver stem cell from a fiver gave to liver weight was examined As a result these experiments, weight of a liver deteriorated obviously, and, as for the sole muscle that was antigravity muscles, the weight increased with swimming exercise. From a result as the above, a liver supplies a myogenic cells to muscular tissue in muscle hypertrophy and regeneration with exercise, and it supplies has an important role on the muscular tissue architecture that adapted itself to exercise. Less

骨骼肌因运动而肥大是众所周知的，但目前对骨骼肌肥大的机制还不清楚。骨骼肌肥大主要是通过形成肌肉组织的肌肉细胞数量的增大和增加而发生的。众所周知，肌肉细胞的增加是由生长因子引导的。新生肌纤维由肌原细胞增殖形成，肌原细胞为卫星细胞。然而，虽然卫星细胞的数量也随着年龄的增长而减少，但老年人的阻力训练所产生的增大效应表明存在除卫星细胞以外的肌原细胞。因此，对除卫星细胞以外的肌原细胞的起源和作用的可能性进行了研究。第1章研究了迄今为止几乎没有观察到的肌纤维肥大的机制。本实验的结果是，肌纤维肥大，肌纤维长度增加， ...更多信息 GTH、肌纤维核数增加明显。对照组和运动组的细胞质/细胞核容量几乎是一个常数。骨骼肌纤维在发育阶段形成后，肌纤维不再分裂。因此，对于核增多的原因，与肥大的肌纤维，卫星细胞或其他肌源性融合到旧的肌纤维的结果。第二章研究了肌肉组织的新生和肌源性细胞来源。肌纤维的塌陷随着运动的进行而明显加重，活细胞染色法显示新的肌组织开始形成。通过观察肌细胞特有的转录因子肌细胞生成素的阳性细胞来检查肌细胞来源。观察结果，在血管及其周围侧观察到阳性肌细胞生成素细胞，并提示可能通过血液携带到肌肉组织。此外，在肌肉组织中观察到与肝细胞特异性出现和分泌的白蛋白阳性细胞。这些实验表明肝干细胞与肌原细胞一起发挥功能。第三章采用游泳运动作为运动模型，该模型比肌腱切断模型更真实。检查了肝细胞和肝干细胞从肝脏脱落对肝脏重量的影响。结果，这些实验表明，肝脏重量明显恶化，并且，对于作为反重力肌的唯一肌肉，重量随着游泳运动而增加。从上述结果可以看出，肝脏在运动引起的肌肉肥大和再生中向肌肉组织提供肌源性细胞，并且它对适应运动的肌肉组织结构具有重要作用。少