Theoretical and practical study of the establishment of desirable eating habits in infancy and early childhood

目的：本研究通过对接受过儿童早期健康检查的男女儿童进行横断面和纵向调查，旨在阐明儿童早期健康状况与饮食习惯、营养摄入状况和食物摄入状况之间的关系。结果如下：在研究的第一年，在三岁检查时对生活方式、饮食习惯和食物摄入状况进行了调查，并对165名儿童进行了横断面评估。以饮食习惯为最重要因素的生活方式的平均得分为15.5±2.1，以该得分为因变量，以营养需求满足率和每1,000 kcal各种食物组的摄入量为自变量进行多元回归分析。在钙、味噌和浅色蔬菜中观察到正回归，在最喜欢的饮料和甜食中观察到负回归 关于我们 （复相关系数0.496，p<0.001），并阐明了理想的饮食习惯与适当的食物摄入量之间的关系。在今年的项目中，对4个月、1.5岁和3岁的儿童进行了横断面调查，并对3岁的儿童进行了跟踪调查。在最初的165名儿童中，有135名可随访，随访率为81.8%。在这一点上，299 3岁和4岁的儿童的横断面数据进行了分析。以年龄为因变量，以12项生活方式得分为自变量，采用第一种量化方法时，复相关系数不高，为0.2942，但偏相关系数高的依次为“晚餐剩余”、“吃饭的快乐”、“洗手的习惯”、“吃早餐的习惯”。当类别加权时，“健康状况（很少生病，+0.079）”和生活方式评分（H组，+0.061）与平均年龄相关。在近一半的受试者中观察到的活动时间与夜间变化的相关性，建立吃早餐习惯的教育，以及纠正简单和有限食物选择的营养教育被认为是必要的。从这项研究开始，必须继续进行调查。我们还计划公布我们在主页上积累的婴儿和儿童菜单，以便通过多媒体终端查看，并进一步开发婴儿和幼儿营养教育系统。少

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship of the state of health with the eating habits, state of nutritional intakes, and state of food intakes in early childhood by cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys of male and female children who received health examinations in early childhood. Results: In the first year of the study, an investigation of the lifestyle, eating habits, and state of food intakes was carried out at the three-year-old inspection, and 165 children were evaluated cross-sectionally. The mean score of the lifestyle, in which the eating habit was the most important factor, was 15.5±2.1, and multiple regression analysis was performed using this score as the dependent variable and the percent fulfillment of nutritional requirements and intakes of various food groups per 1,000 kcal as independent variables. Positive regressions were observed in calcium, miso, and pale-colored vegetables, and negative regressions were observed in favorite beverages and sweets … More (multiple correlation coefficient 0.496, p<0.001), and a relationship between desirable eating habits and appropriate food intakes was clarified. In this year's program, cross-sectional surveys of 4-month-old, 1.5-year-old, and 3-year-old children and a follow-up survey of 3-year-old children were carried out. Of the initial 165 children, 135 could be followed up with a follow-up rate of 81.8%. At this point, cross-sectional data of 299 3-year-old and 4-year-old children were analyzed. When the quantification method of the first type was applied by using the age as the dependent variable and scores of 12 lifestyle items as independent variables, the multiple correlation coefficient was not high at 0.2942, but the partial correlation coefficient was high for "leftover of dinner", "joy of eating", "habit of hand washing", and "habit of eating breakfast" in a decreasing order. When categories were weighted, the "state of health (rarely become sick, +0.079)" and the lifestyle score (Group H, +0.061) were shown to be correlated with the mean age. Correlation of the shift of active hours to the nighttime, which was observed in nearly half the subjects, education to establish the habit of eating breakfast, and nutritional education to correct simplified and limited selection of foods were considered to be needed. Starting with this study, surveys must be continued. We also plan to publicize menus for infants and children that we have accumulated in our homepage to be viewed through multimedia terminals and, further, to develop a nutritional education system for infancy and early childhood. Less