A Method of Evaluating / Diagnosing TQM Considering Organization's Status.

全面质量管理的自我评价方法多种多样。然而，这些方法没有充分考虑到这样一个事实，即促进全面质量管理的关键活动在不同阶段是不同的，例如，引入、发展、发展和高级。此外，尽管企业类型和规模的差异会影响组织中推行全面质量管理的方法，但如何在全面质量管理的自我评估中考虑这些差异并没有得到明确的解释。作为影响全面质量管理推广的因素，可以列举以下几个方面：1)组织的特征，如业务类型和规模；2)全面质量管理的实施状况。在这项研究中，因素2)首先被关注。通过对戴明奖、日本质量奖和ISO9000评估与注册计划的评估项目的考虑，形成了全面质量管理的自我评估框架。该框架被用来研究TQM在实际组织中的发展过程，并分析了TQM的推广效果如何依赖于TQM的地位。在此基础上，提出了一种全面质量管理自评方法。其次，聚焦因素1)，选择不同业务类型、不同规模的组织，在对方法进行修改以适应每一种业务类型和规模后，将提出的方法应用于全面质量管理自评。分析了每个组织从应用该方法到策划全面质量管理推广过程中所感受到的困难，并分析了这些困难与业务类型和规模以及组织采用的推广方法之间的关系。在此基础上，结合企业类型和规模，探讨了全面质量管理的自我评估和推进方法。

There have been various methods for self-assessment of TQM. These methods, however, did not sufficiently consider the fact that the key activities for the promotion of TQM differ from phase to phase, e.g., introduction, developing, developed and advanced. Moreover, although the differences between business type and scale affect the methods of promoting TQM in an organization, how to consider them in self-assessment of TQM has not been clarified.As the factors which affect the promotion of TQM, the followings can be listed: 1) the organization's characteristics like business type and scale, and 2) status of TQM implementation. In this study, Factor 2) was focused first. A framework for self-assessment of TQM was derived through the considerations on the evaluation items of Deming Prize, Japan Quality Award, and ISO 9000 assessment and registration program. This framework was used to investigate the development processes of TQM in actual organizations and analyze how the effects of the promotion of TQM depend on the status of TQM. Based on the analysis, a method for self-assessment of TQM was proposed.Next, Factor 1) was focused, and the organizations of different business type and scale were selected and asked to apply the proposed method for self-assessment of TQM after the method was modified to fit for each business type and scale. The difficulties which each organization felt in the process from the application of the method to planning of TQM promotion were examined, with the relationships between these difficulties, business type and scale, and promotion methods adapted in the organization being analyzed. Based on the analysis, the methods of self-assessing and promoting TQM with considering business type and scale were discussed.