Effects of Work Management System on Human Error Occurrence

为了防止生产过程中的人为错误，组织工作管理活动以及工人的细心是必不可少的。然而，工作管理和人为错误之间的关系还没有得到系统的研究。本文通过对德明奖获奖企业的调查，分析了工作管理系统的现状、工作管理系统中人因失误的类型、人因失误与工作管理系统的关系，以及改进工作管理系统预防人因失误的关键点。根据研究结果，许多公司面临着在工人没有遵循操作标准的情况下发生的错误，而绩效评估和针对工人个人的培训是有效的，以防止错误。此外，研究表明，教育/培训/激励工人的方法的效果取决于车间的条件，例如，自动化和标准化状况、临时雇员的百分比以及产品类型的数量。

To prevent human errors in production processes, organizational work management activities are essential as well as worker's carefulness. The relationships between work management and human errors, however, have not been investigated systematically. This study identifies the current status of work management systems and the types of human error occurring under the systems, the relationships between them, and the key points for improving the work management systems to prevent the errors based on the survey for Deming Prize awarded companies. According to results, many companies face to the errors that occurred under the conditions where the worker did not follow the operation standard, and performance evaluation and training focusing individual workers are effective to prevent the errors. Moreover, the study showed that the effects of the methods of educating/training/motivating workers depend on the conditions of workshop, e.g., status of automation and standardization, percentage of temporal employee, and number of product types.